Veredas are regarded as humid complexes of ecological, water and scenery significance in Cerrado biome related to water table outcrop. Direct alterations in these environments can lead to species diversity reduction and also facilitate biological invasion processes. Thus our study aims to investigate the natural regeneration, the coverage of woody vegetation and the invasive species in two sites in secondary successional stage in the central part of Cerrado biome. Our study was carried out at two sites located at Minas Gerais state, Brazil. We established plots randomly throughout transects laid perpendicularly to the vereda's drain line. We used the line intercept method to analyze the vegetation coverage. We set five 10-m width transects in each of both areas, perpendicular to the vereda's drain line to evaluate the distribution of invasive alien species in the two areas. The richness did not vary between communities (U = 67.50; p = 0.061); on the other hand we found significant difference in density estimates (U = 36.50; p = 0.002). We found significant difference between categories for soil coverage in both sites. Grasses showed the highest coverage when compared to the other categories (K = 45.06; p < 0.001 for site 1 and K = 67.47; p < 0.001 for site 2). We observed a zonation tendency in site 1, with a higher native grass coverage at middle and backwards zones (K = 7.734, p < 0.05). We only found Pinus caribaea Morelet individuals in the invasive species survey. We recorded 46 Pinus caribaea individuals at site 1 and 116 Pinus caribaea individuals at site 2. From the latter group we found 13 individuals within the vereda and 103 in the surrounding vegetation. Both sites have a high natural woody plant regeneration potential although the presence of alien grasses in the veredas' edge and Pinus caribaea all over the humidity gradient highlights the vulnerability of these areas to biological invasion.
Introdução: Abdome agudo obstrutivo caracteriza-se pela interrupção do trânsito intestinal, acarretando quadro clínico com dores abdominais difusas do tipo cólica ou periumbilicais, associadas a náuseas, vômitos, cessação da eliminação de flatos e fezes e distensão abdominal. O melhor exame diagnóstico de escolha é a tomografia computadorizada (TC) por ser mais fidedigna ao detectar uma causa urgente de obstrução ou fornecer informações sobre diagnósticos alternativos. Objetivo: Evidenciar a pertinência da TC para o diagnóstico do abdome agudo obstrutivo e seu manejo adequado. Metodologia: Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica nas principais plataformas digitais (LILACS, Scielo, Pubmed), onde foram encontrados 10 artigos, dos quais 4 foram selecionados. Resultados e Discussão: Observou-se que no abdome agudo obstrutivo as principais etiologias são a obstrução intestinal, a intumescência e o corpo estranho. Os sinais tomográficos característicos associados a estas causas são fundamentais para complementar o diagnóstico clínico. Nesse sentido, os principais achados encontrados foram a dilatação das alças intestinais, com calibre superior a 2,5cm, presença de nível hidroaéreo no seu interior e desproporção com segmento de alça distal com calibre normal, indicando o nível da obstrução. Ademais, outros achados são massa intraluminal com densidade de gordura dada pelo mesentério invaginado, massa reniforme com espessamento da parede intestinal e massa com áreas alteradas de baixa e alta atenuação dada pela confluência de tecidos moles, líquido e gás. Por fim, observou-se área fusiforme ou ovoide e alterações inflamatórias, com o cólon subjacente podendo apresentar sinais de compressão extrínseca ou mostrar aspecto normal na TC. Conclusão: O abdome agudo obstrutivo deve ser investigado por uma equipe multidisciplinar visando a melhor alternativa para pacientes. Portanto, faz-se necessário que medidas efetivas sejam tomadas a respeito do tipo de exame a ser solicitado, fazendo uso da TC para obter informações mais precisas sobre a origem da patologia e melhor direcionamento do diagnóstico.
This work aimed to identify: (1) heterogeneity patterns in veredas, considering tree/shrubby regeneration and chemical and physical characteristics of the soil;(2) how the vereda zones (edge, intermediate and core) can influence the tree/ shrubby regeneration and (3) which microenvironmental characteristics determine the distribution of native tree/shrubby regenerants and of the invasive species Pinus caribaea Morelet. For this, we collected environmental and biophysical data and sampled the regeneration of tree/shrubby species in 30 plots in two different veredas. The moisture and chemical characteristics of the soil, and regeneration composition were similar among the vereda zones, but showed important variations among sample units. In addition to soil moisture, soil chemical elements and canopy coverage characteristics also formed environmental gradients. The native tree/shrubby species occupied different positions along the environmental gradient of the veredas. The invasive species P. caribaea was more concentrated in less declined sites, in more basic and more humid soils, together with most native species. In general, the results demonstrate the absence of clear zoning, as well as the importance of environmental heterogeneity and the control of biological invasion for the maintenance of native tree/shrub regeneration.
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