ResumenSe evaluó un antioxidante natural extraído de la cáscara de la nuez de marañón (CNSL) para mejorar la estabilidad oxidativa del biodiesel de jatropha. Mediante el uso del equipo Rancimat Metrohm 873, se evaluó la estabilidad oxidativa a diferentes temperaturas, del biodiesel de jatropha puro y con adición de diferentes concentraciones de CNSL y de Propil Galato. Se encontró que a medida que aumenta la concentración de antioxidante, hay un incremento gradual en el tiempo de inducción, y a mayor temperatura de evaluación ocurre una disminución de esta variable. Se realizó el análisis estadístico de los resultados mediante tablas ANOVA y se describió la cinética de oxidación por la ley de velocidad de primer orden, se ajustó la velocidad de reacción de consumo de CNSL en el biodiesel de jatropha con la ecuación de Arrhenius y se obtuvo una energía de activación de 103.94 KJ/mol. Evaluation of a Natural Antioxidant extracted from Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) to improve the Oxidative Stability of Jatropha Biodiesel AbstractA natural antioxidant extracted from the shell of the cashew nut (CNSL) to improve the oxidative stability of jatropha biodiesel was evaluated. The oxidation stability at different temperatures of pure jatropha biodiesel and biodiesel with different concentrations of CNSL and propyl gallate was evaluated using the Metrohm 873 Rancimat equipment. It was found that there is a gradual increase in the induction time with the amount of antioxidant, and evaluation at higher temperature cause a decrease in this variable. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using ANOVA tables and oxidation can be described using a first order kinetics. The rate of consumption of CNSL in jatropha biodiesel was adjusted using the Arrhenius equation and activation energy of 103.94 kJ / mol was obtained
ResumenSe sintetizaron dos catalizadores tipo Ni-Mo soportados sobre -Al2O3, con diferentes contenidos másicos de los metales activos, y su actividad catalítica en el proceso de desoxigenación de aceite de higuerilla fue evaluada y comparada con el desempeño obtenido con un catalizador comercial. Previo a las reacciones de desoxigenación, los catalizadores fueron reducidos y sulfurados con H2S producido in-situ. Los catalizadores fueron caracterizados mediante DRX, adsorción-desorción de N2 a 77 K, XRF y TPR. Las pruebas catalíticas fueron llevadas a cabo en un reactor de alta presión (Parr, 500 mL), operando en modo semi-batch. El mayor rendimiento másico hacia diésel renovable (C9-C24) fue del 82.9% y se obtuvo con el catalizador sintetizado que contiene 4.5% NiO y 20% MoO3, evaluado a 350°C, 90 bares y una concentración del 10%. Además, este catalizador, bajo estas condiciones, presentó una conversión del 100% y las selectividades más altas hacia C17 (54.4%) y C18 (20.9%), así como una menor selectividad a craqueados (0.83%). Palabras clave: aceite de higuerilla, desoxigenación, hidroprocesamiento, diésel renovable, Ni-Mo/-alúmina Production of Green Diesel from Castor Oil over Aluminasupported Nickel-Molybdenum Catalysts AbstractCatalysts of Ni-Mo type with different content of active species (Ni,Mo) were synthesized and supported over -alumina and their catalytic activity in the deoxygenation process of castor oil was evaluated and compared with that obtained with a commercial catalyst. Prior to deoxygenation reactions, the catalysts were reduced and sulfurated with H2S produced in-situ. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption at 77K, XRF and TPR. The catalytic tests were carried out in a high-pressure reactor (Parr, 500 mL), operating in semi-batch mode. It was found that the highest mass yield to renewable diesel (C9-C24) was 82.9%, obtained with the synthesized catalyst containing 4.5% NiO and 20% MoO3 operating at 350 °C, 90 bars and 10% catalyst concentration. Besides, this catalysts exhibited 100% conversion and the highest selectivities to C17 (54.4%) and C18 (20.9%), as well as the lowest selectivity to cracked products (0.83%).
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