Introduction: Prefabricated zirconia crowns are available to treat anterior and posterior primary teeth, which possess high resistance, long durability, and short working time. They are also esthetic and available in various sizes for all primary teeth. However, their high costs can present a clear disadvantage in many communities around the world. Materials and methods: This random clinical trial study sample included 63 crowns (31 CCZC, 32 NZC) applied to 44 children aged five to nine years with zirconia crowns placed on anterior or posterior primary teeth. Group (1): Locally manufactured crowns were created with different measurements by using CAD/CAM (CCZC) and Group (2): NuSmile® zirconia crowns (NZC). Glass ionomer cement was used to cement all crowns. The children were followed-up at one, three, and six months, using oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and crown margin extension. Statistical analyses used: Mann-Whitney U test, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon test. Results: This study showed that CCZC did not cause gingival changes after crown application in clinical tissue appearance, bleeding, and gingival recession. Reduced plaque accumulation was observed during follow-up periods. Finally, there was no statistically significant difference between CCZC and NZC, according to this study. Conclusions: CCZCs are a convenient and economical option to achieve esthetic, healthy, and functional aspects during restoring primary teeth.

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The application of an 810 nm diode laser either alone or in combination with sodium fluoride gel in treating dentin hypersensitivity is effective and better than the application of a 650 nm diode laser either alone or in combination with sodium fluoride gel. In addition, applying a 650 nm diode laser either alone or in combination with sodium fluoride gel has slight effectiveness in treating dentine hypersensitivity, and it is believed that a single treatment session with a 650 nm diode laser was not enough to obtain the required pain reduction.

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Background: Direct pulp capping can conserve its vitality by placing materials that promote dentin bridge (DB) formation at the exposure site. This study aimed to determine whether TheraCal LC could produce a layer of reparative dentin. It also compared the histological differences between treatment with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and TheraCal LC. Material and methods: A sample of 20 maxillary and mandibular premolars, which had previously been indicated for extraction in orthodontic therapy, was taken from 10 patients and randomly divided into two halves, a TheraCal LC, and an MTA group. Pulpal exposure was achieved by similar class I preparations, which were restored with a resin-modified glass-ionomer and extracted after ten weeks, noting that these interventions have been performed on live teeth in the oral cavities. The newly formed dentin bridge thickness, the inflammation degree within the pulp tissue, and odontoblast function were thoroughly examined histologically and compared between the two groups using the Mann-Whitney test and an analysis software SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences, v.26, IBM, New York, N, USA), at a significance level of a=0.05. Results: Dentin bridge composition in the TheraCal group had 80% effective tubules and 20% defective tubules, while in the MTA group, the proportions were 90% and 10%, respectively. Dentin bridge thickness in the TheraCal group was greater than 0.25 mm in 60%, and 0.1-0.25 mm in 40% of the sample compared to the MTA group, which had 70% greater than 0.25 mm, and 30% between 0.1 and 0.25 mm in dentin bridge thickness. Statistically, there was no significant difference between both groups (P=0.739). Conclusion: Statistically insignificant differences in dentin bridge composition and thickness produced by both TheraCal and MTA materials render them similar in their effectiveness in treating pulp exposures through pulp capping.