No abstract

RationaleCongenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face (CILF) is a rare disorder characterized by collections of nonencapsulated mature lipocytes that infiltrate surrounding tissues. In this article, we would report a new case of CILF, which may be one of the first few cases reported in China.Patient ConcernsAn 8-year-old boy presented with a hyperplasia of subcutaneous tissue of his left face, which had been gradually progressing since birth, resulting in a marked facial asymmetry. Then he underwent an operation of resection of the subcutaneous mass, and the postoperative pathological analysis reported a mature adipose tissue.Diagnoses and OutcomesThe diagnosis of CILF was finally made according to a comprehensive consideration of the patient's situation. We then searched different databases for studies that had investigated CILF, reviewed those literatures, and gave our summaries for such a rare disease.LessonsCongenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face is an extremely rare disease. There is so much unknown about it, and the gradual progress and recurrence make it even harder to cure. Besides, the psychological impact on such patients must be considered. Thus, a proper collection and analysis of the reports of such a disease are very important.

In patients with localized scleroderma (LoS), facial deformity induced by subcutaneous atrophy greatly reduces life quality. Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is used for volume restoration but with low-fat retention due to various reasons. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have shown potential effects in improving fat retention. We aimed to compare the feasibility and efficacy of improving fat retention in LoS patients among the ADSCsassisted, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF)-assisted and conventional AFG methods. A pilot study with a 6-month follow-up among 18 LoS patients was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned into three AFG groups: conventional group, SVF-assisted group, and ADSCs-assisted group. The SVF-assisted group received SVF-assisted AFG at the SVF:fat ratio of 1:1. The ADSCs-assisted group received the mixture of ADSCs-enriched fat graft supplemented with 5 × 10 5 ADSCs/mL fat. Volume retention was measured by magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical photographs were taken for outcome evaluation. At sixth-month follow-up, the fat retention of ADSCs-assisted group was 49.83 ± 3.61%, significantly higher than 31.75 ± 1.73% of SVF-assisted group (P = .0004), and 21.86 ± 1.68% of the conventional group (P < .0001). A significant difference of the fat retention was also observed between the SVF-assisted and conventional group Chenyu Wang and Xiao Long contributed equally as co-first authors.