Ionomers exhibiting good thermal stability have been prepared by mixing three uncharged components—a poly(dimethyl)siloxane (PDMS) with randomly substituted amidine side chains, an alkylamine, and carbon disulfide. In essence, the three uncharged components produce charged materials, polyelectrolytes with amidinium dithiocarbamate ion pairs. The preparation, structures, and properties of the ionomers at the microscopic and macroscopic levels are reported as a function of PDMS chain length, degree of amidine substitution, and length of the alky group of the amine component. Whereas ionomers with hexyldithiocarbamate anions are viscous liquids at room temperature, those with octadecyldithiocarbamate groups are semi‐crystalline solids, exhibiting multiple thermal transitions between 0 °C and the temperature at which they become isotropic phases. The structural natures of those transitions have been characterized from analyses of data from differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, and rheology measurements. Among the interesting properties exhibited by the ionomers are strong adhesion to different surfaces, and high ultimate shear stress considering their relatively low amidinium contents.
Polyester copolymers were prepared with b-cyclodextrin (b-CD) and sebacoyl (SCl) or terephthaloyl (TCl) chloride cross linker agents using a simple, one-pot synthesis. Variation of the mole ratios (i.e., 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 6, and 1 : 9) of b-CD to diacid chloride linker units resulted in copolymers with differing solubility and chemical stability in aqueous solution. The sorption properties of copolymers such as 1 : 6 and 1 : 9 SCl, and 1 : 9 TCl materials were investigated because of their relative insolubility and resistance to hydrolysis at pH 4.6. The monolayer sorption capacity (Q m ) of the copolymers varied according to the nature of the cross linker and the relative mole ratio of monomers. Q m values obtained from the Sips isotherm model range from 2.7 to 5.2 mmol/ g for the sorption of p-nitrophenol at 295 K and approach the value of Q m for a commercially available granular activated carbon sorbent.
A diverse range of linear polysiloxane-based ionic polymers that are hydrophobic and highly flexible can be obtained by substituting the polymers with varying amounts of ionic centers. The materials can be highly crystalline solids, amorphous soft solids, poly(ionic) liquids or viscous polymer liquids. A key to understanding how structural variations can lead to these different materials is the establishment of correlations between the physical (dynamic and static) properties and the structures of the polymers at different distance scales. This short review provides such correlations by examining the influence of structural properties (such as molecular weights, ion pair contents, and ion types) on key bulk properties of the materials.
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