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Objective: To review the theoretical benefits of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV), summarize the evidence for its use in clinical practice, and discuss different titration strategies. Data Source: Published randomized controlled trials in humans, observational human studies, animal studies, review articles, ventilator textbooks, and editorials. Data Summary: Airway pressure release ventilation optimizes alveolar recruitment, reduces airway pressures, allows for spontaneous breathing, and offers many hemodynamic benefits. Despite these physiologic advantages, there are inconsistent data to support the use of APRV over other modes of ventilation. There is considerable heterogeneity in the application of APRV among providers and a shortage of information describing initiation and titration strategies. To date, no direct comparison studies of APRV strategies have been performed. This review describes 2 common management approaches that bedside providers can use to optimally tailor APRV to their patients. Conclusion: Airway pressure release ventilation remains a form of mechanical ventilation primarily used for refractory hypoxemia. It offers unique physiological advantages over other ventilatory modes, and providers must be familiar with different titration methods. Given its inconsistent outcome data and heterogeneous use in practice, future trials should directly compare APRV strategies to determine the optimal management approach.

SPC is an effective bladder management in carefully selected NGB patients who have failed other options. Over 80% considered the SPC to have improved their urological quality of life with a mean time to questionnaire of 4 years. Severe AEs are rare, though can be particularly serious in this group of neurologically impaired patients. Neurourol. Urodynam. 35:831-835, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Significant urodynamic testing abnormalities are noted in the majority of TM patients undergoing urodynamics, with 95% having DO, DSD, altered compliance, or detrusor underactivity. Other than the association between LETM and DO, there were no patient characteristics predictive of urodynamics findings. Based on the severity of urodynamics findings in our series, patients with TM and LUTS should have thorough baseline urological evaluations including urodynamics and be offered ongoing surveillance. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:360-363, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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