<span lang="EN-US">Problem-based learning (PBL) is a teaching model that uses real-world problems to lead students toward the learning objective of a course. It has been widely adopted in Malaysian education. However, PBL module for aboriginal people is scarce. This study aimed to provide suitable PBL activities in learning environmental problems by developing a PBL teaching module for the aborigine community and accessing its suitability. In this study, data was collected through an online validation form that was given to four validators, all of them have science or chemistry education backgrounds. The online questionnaires collected were further analyzed to investigate their responses to the module. The result has shown positive feedback (95.83%) as the responses are very encouraging. All respondents give approbation to the objectives of the module which are clearly stated and are parallel with the content. Many of them also strongly agree that the PBL model and the language used are suitable in this module. There is no doubt that PBL is a valuable tool to teach chemistry to improve students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills effectively.</span>

<span lang="EN-US">The unsatisfactory result obtained by Malaysian secondary students in international assessment has caused the Ministry of Education to put much effort into structuring the curriculum. Variety of teaching pedagogies has been suggested but not all the approaches are applicable due to many constraints. It leads students to enroll in extra private tutoring classes after their regular school hours. This research aimed to identify the reason students attend chemistry private tutoring, to explore the teaching pedagogies used in chemistry private tutoring, and to identify the perceptions of students on the pedagogies used in chemistry private tutoring. This is an exploratory qualitative study that is conducted among six tutors and five students in Malaysia. The result was analyzed through thematic analysis. Interestingly, the study has indicated that despite improving their academic result, students attend tuition to enhance their understanding and knowledge of chemistry as they were ably exposed to a variety of teaching methods. A new insight on pedagogies used in private tutoring lessons was determined, such as deductive learning, inquiry-based teaching and contextualization. It is found that student’s learning needs are highly emphasized in tuition classes. Students experience more meaningful learning and obtain interesting learning experiences in tuition.</span>