Novel 3D barcodes with an extraordinarily high encoding capacity are developed through a flexible, accurate, and reproducible method. Here, the three dimensions refer to the size, fluorescence emission wavelength, and intensity of the barcodes. As a proof of concept, a 3D barcode library with an encoding capacity of 100 flow cytometry-distinguishable barcodes is achieved successfully by combining the multiscaled host particles with a set of guest nanoparticles owning to their individual different fluorescent intensity via an ingenious host–guest structure, where fluorescein isothiocyanate and a kind of quantum dots are separately loaded inside. Five-plexed tumor marker detection is further implemented, and the results demonstrate the strong feasibility of 3D barcodes in multiplex assays.

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The channel of wireless broadband communication system usually features time domain sparsity. The channel estimation of single carrier frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) system was modeled as compressive sensing (CS)-based reconstruction of sparse signal. Matching pursuit algorithms based on greedy search were adopted to reconstruct channel information. Under the premise of reduced reference signal overhead, the system reliability can be effectively enhanced. This paper proposes a priori information aided scheme. By inserting the cyclic prefix of the first training sequence to a SC-FDE transmission frame, which is used as guard interval, the priori information including more accurate channel length and sparsity can be obtained with inter-block-interference (IBI)-free training sequence. The proposed scheme shows obvious superiority in slow fading channels. It effectively improves the reconstruction of probability, thereby improving the accuracy of channel estimation, meanwhile sacrificing less spectral efficiency.