In order to study the process of ionic soil stabilizer (ISS) reinforcing different kinds of soil, kaolin, red clay, landslide soil, expansive soil and quartz sand ,the five kinds of standard soil samples were treated by ISS of ratio 1:100. After 24-hour soaking and oscillation treatment, the supernatant was detected by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Comparing with the samples had not been treated by ISS, got the information of cation exchange. Experimental results showed that, the cation exchange in different soil was various, landslide soil exchanged more cation, and the cation exchange of kaolin and quartz sand was less. These studies will provide the experimental basis for ISS reinforcing mechanism research.