Sixty‐six samples of 1‐furyl/thienyl‐2‐arylethylene model compounds XCHCHArY (abbreviated XEBY) were synthesized. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR) of model compounds were determined. The chemical shift δC(X) and δC(Y) of the carbon atoms in bridging bond CHCH which connected to the X group and the ArY group, respectively, were confirmed with the two‐dimensional NMR method. The effect of substituent on the δC(X) and δC(Y) was studied, meanwhile, the push‐pull effect of substituent on ΔδC = δC(Y) − δC(X) and δC(Y/X) = δC(Y)/δC(X) were discussed. The results show the following: (a) Both the δC(X) and δC(Y) are affected by excited‐state substituent constant σCCex()X of group X, Hammett constant σ(Y), and excited‐state substituent constant 0.25emσCCex()Y of group Y. The effect of σ(Y) on the δC(X) is positive, whereas that on the δC(Y) is negative. That is to say, the σ(Y) of group Y has an alternative influence on the δC(X) and δC(Y). (b) Compared with furyl, there is a p‐d effect formed by the 3d orbit of S atom and the p electron of the π system in thienyl, which increase the chemical shift of the carbon atoms in bridging bond. (c) The push‐pull effect between substituent X and Y is not only affected by the σ parameter but also related to the σCCex parameter, which results from the combined effect of the two parameters σ and σCCex. The observation of this paper provides a new perspective in understanding the push‐pull effect of substituent.

Thirty six 1‐pyridyl‐2‐arylethenes XCH=CHArY (abbreviated XAEY) were synthesized, in which, X is 2‐pyridyl, 3‐pyridyl and 4‐pyridyl and Y is OMe, Me, H, Br, Cl, F, CF3, and CN. Their ultraviolet absorption spectra were measured in anhydrous ethanol, and their wavelengths of absorption maximum λmax were recorded. Also, the 234 λmax values of 1‐substituted phenyl‐2‐arylethylene compounds (XAEY, where X is substituted phenyl) were collected. The excited‐state substituent constants σCC()pex()X of three pyridyl groups and 23 substituted phenyl groups (total of 26) were obtained by means of curve‐fitting method. Taking the λmax values of 358 samples of bi‐arylethene derivatives as a data set and 126 samples of bi‐aryl Schiff bases (including nine compounds synthesized by this work) as another data set, quantitative correlation analyses were performed by employing the obtained σCC()pex()X as a parameter, and good results were obtained for the two data sets. The reliability of the obtained σCC()pex()X values was verified. The results of this paper can provide excited‐state substituent constants for the study and application of optical properties of conjugated organic compounds containing aryl groups.

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Preparation of cluster state in large detuned cavity *Zou Chang-Lin(邹长林) a) † , Gao Guo-Jun(高国军) a)b) , Lu Yan(卢 艳) a) , Li Da-Chuang(李大创) a) , Yang Ming(杨 名) a) , and Cao Zhuo-Liang(曹卓良) a) ‡