This study considers several computational techniques for solving one formulation of the wells placement problem (WPP). Usually the wells placement problem is tackled through the combined efforts of many teams using conventional approaches, which include gathering seismic data, conducting real-time surveys, and performing production interpretations in order to define the sweet spots. This work considers one formulation of the wells placement problem in heterogeneous reservoirs with constraints on inter-well spacing. The performance of three different types of algorithms for optimizing the well placement problem is compared. These three techniques are: genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, and mixed integer programming (IP). Example case studies show that integer programming is the best approach in terms of reaching the global optimum. However, in many cases, the other approaches can often reach a close to optimal solution with much more computational efficiency.

The Pooled OLS model is used to analyze whether governance structure such as family ownership, management, and control can actually influence R & D investment in Chinese family firms by application of the listed companies from the CSMAR database. After controlling for size, debt, age, profitability and growth, the positive impacts of family ownership and family management on R & D and the negative impact of family control on R & D are found. The other research question explored is whether the moderating effects of institution environment exist in the sample. Institution environment variable and its intersection terms with governance structure are added to the models respectively. Meanwhile, the positive impacts of family ownership and family management on R & D are weaker while the negative impact of family control is weaker provincially in a better institution environment. Regarding the institution environment itself, it shows a consistent positive impact on R & D investment. Meanwhile a substitution effect between the institution environment and the family governance structure is found.

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