Introduction: Small group discussion teaching is a key instructional strategy being incorporated in medical education and is aimed at enhancing the personal, social and cognitive skills of students. Learning in small groups helps the students to enhance the acquisition, processing and retention of the medical knowledge. Aims & Objectives: To assess medical student’s perception about small group discussion at a medical college. Place and duration of study: September 2019 at the University College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore. Material & Methods: This cross- sectional survey was conducted during September 2019 at University College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Lahore. Convenient sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 322 students from the first three years of MBBS. A pre validated questionnaire was distributed and the students were asked to record their experience about small group discussion using a 5-point Likert scale. Data was analyzed by using SPSS22 and reported as percentage distribution and mean± s.d. Results: Regarding quality of these small group discussion sessions, 25.8% of the students appeared satisfied, 24.8% of the students were neutral, whereas, 49.4% of the students remained unsatisfied. When asked about being clear of their role in a SGD session, 55.9% of the students agreed, 22.7% were unclear and 21.4% neutral. As regards the benefits from small group sessions, majority (35.1%) agreed that activities taught lifelong learning, 8.7% strongly agreed. 27% remained neutral with 16.5% disagreeing and 12.75% strongly disagreeing. With reference to assessment of tutors, majority of students found SGD facilitators enthusiastic about process with 13.4% strongly agreeing and 36.3% agreeing, 28% stayed neutral while 9.6% disagreed and 12.75% strongly disagreed. Majority of students, (35.1% agreed, 13.4% strongly agreed) to that tutors just gave mini lecture, 27.6% responded neutral to statement while 11.2% disagreeing and 12.7% strongly disagreeing to the enquiry. Conclusion: The study reveals that majority of the students are clear about their role in small group discussion sessions and majority (35.1%) also agreed that activities taught them lifelong learning. Tutors are helpful and enthusiastic, however, they provide plenty of information and need retraining for conducting a small group learning session.

Objective: To determines the prevalence of red cell antibodies in incompatible cross match cases.Study design: It was a cross-section descriptive study. Method: ABO (forward and reverse) and Rh D grouping of donor and recipient's and serological cross matches are performed using Indirect Antiglobulin test. All incompatible cross match cases are further evaluated in immunohematology. The samples of recipient of incompatible cross match cases are subjected to DAT. Auto control red cell antibody screening and red cell antibody identification panels as required to save the discrepancies in individual cases.Result: Total 37 incompatible cross matches cases performed during the study period. ABO discrepancy was the cause of incompatible cross match in 6 of these cases. The cause of incompatible was autoantibodies in 8, compatible after fresh sample were 9, auto immune hemolytic anemia were 8, and alloantibodies in 14 cases. Conclusion:The IAT cross match is an essential part of compatibility testing before blood transfusion. Antibody screening is not routinely performed on donors or recipients. The cross match incompatible is usually the first indicator of presence of allo/auto antibodies in the recipient serum. The prevalence of 0.105 % of incompatible cross match cases in this study stress the need of IAT cross match before red cell transfusion to avoid the life threating complications. It also signifies the importance of further evaluation of cross match incompatible cases to rule out the presence of significant antibodies.