No abstract

and from the Institute for Contemporary History, research institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The workshop was divided in three sections. Two were held on 3 December and one on 4 December. Labour force is considered as social group in the interest sphere of politicians as well as subject sui generis. The third importance of labour force is the role in political changes after 1945. This project is a combination of historical and sociological views. The first day dealt with methodological problems of research in the sphere of industrial work force, furthermore the archival sources were discussed. A few of academic papers, whose content will be summarized in this report, were heard. Jiří Kocián from the Institute for Contemporary History, research institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, presented his topic "The Position of Labourers in the Political Programs of the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party after 1945". He stated that trade unions of the national socialist party had a lot of members in the metal working industry before World War II. After World War II the National Socialists were trying to include members of organizations which were a part of forbidden parties, e. g. national democrats and agrarians. In view of the fact that the party recruited the members from middle and lower social classes ideological disputes between social democrats and communists occurred. Despite this fact negotiations on merger of trade unions of national socialists and of social democrats were proceeded. Nevertheless, these activities were observed negatively by party members and in the end the merger was refused. The executive board was criticized because it was not interested in the situation of lower social classes. It contrasted with the political profile of above mentioned parties. The second presentation named "State Policy of Employment and its Reflection in the Slovak Society 1945-1948" was given by Katarína Kožáková who arrived from Slovakia. Katarína Kožáková described structural changes connected with industrialization since 1930s. She pointed out that the number of people employed in industry rose in 1930s, nevertheless about 50 % of population were peasants. Generally, Slovakia was lacking in skilled workers. The following paper was prepared by Peter Heumos. He focused on strikes in the Czechlands from 1918 to 1968. The analyzed era includes four types of regimes-the Czechoslovak Republic, the Protectorate and then he divides the postwar time 1945-2015 / III / 1 © and Kladno. The second extreme represents voluntary work when whole age groups worked for example in agriculture.

The article is aimed on the security problems connected with ethnic issues in the region of western part of Czech Silesia in years 1946–1948. After the end of World war II came to the Czech borderland great number of new residents. The article deals with the security corps’ attitudes towards members of individual nationalities and examines the differences in their perceptions.

In May 1945, Western Silesia, originally inhabited predominantly by the German population, found itself in a completely new situation. The region was once again controlled by the Czechoslovak state power, which wanted to re-organise life in the borderlands. Therefore, it was necessary to handle the issue of the German population, as well as the influx of new settlers from the Czechoslovak inland and abroad. Changes took place on the other side of the border as well, and neighbouring Germany was replaced by Poland. These aspects gave rise to a completely new security situation that the newly formed security corps had to address. The article attempts to follow the relationship of the Czechoslovak security corps to the members of other nationalities who lived in the researched area or with those whom they came into contact while guarding the non-fixed state borders. Research shows that, in 1945, the National Security Corps (SNB) indeed took qualitatively different approaches to various nationalities, ranging from strong hostility and distrust towards the Germans, through vigilance towards the Polish, to an ambiguous attitude towards re-emigrants.