Objectivesto evaluate parental stress of mothers of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy; to verify whether parental stress undergoes variations according to the level of motor compromise, the child's phase of life, and sociodemographic variables.Methoda cross-sectional, descriptive study, with 223 mothers of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.Results45.3% of the mothers presented high levels of stress; there were differences in stress between mothers of children with mild and severe motor impairment; mothers of older children were more stressed than mothers of younger children and of adolescents; paid work and leisure activities reduced the stress.Conclusionmothers of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy, whose children present mild to severe motor impairment are vulnerable to parental stress. Paid work and leisure activities were the factors that contributed most to reducing the stress.
RESUMO -Apesar da introdução na atuação comunitária de práticas baseadas em evidências, sabemos pouco sobre a eficácia das intervenções fora de contextos de pesquisa. A área dos treinamentos de habilidades sociais carece de estudos em settings de mundo real, com números suficientes de participantes e follow-up. Investigou-se, em 34 universitários, o efeito a curto e longo prazo de um grupo de treinamento de habilidades sociais, num contexto de mundo real. Escores de habilidades sociais (IHS) e ansiedade (IDATE) foram verificados antes, depois da intervenção e após um intervalo de follow up. Os escores em ambos os testes melhoraram do pré-teste para o pós-teste, e se mantiveram estáveis do pós-teste para o follow-up no intervalo de três meses a cinco anos.Palavras-chave: treinamento de habilidades sociais, ansiedade, estudantes universitários, práticas baseadas em evidência Short and Long Term Effects of a Social Skills Development Group for University StudentsABSTRACT -In spite of the trend to implement evidence-based practices in community settings, we know little about the efficacy of interventions outside research contexts. There is a lack of empirical studies on the effects of social skills training in real-world contexts that include sufficient numbers of participants and follow up studies. The short and long-term effects of a social skills training of 34 college students were investigated in a real world setting. Social skills (IHS) and anxiety (STAI) scores were checked before and after the intervention and after a follow up interval. Both anxiety and social skills improved from the pre-test to post-test, and both remained stable from the post-test to follow-up after 3 months to 5 years.Keywords: social skills training, anxiety, college students, evidence-based practice Habilidades sociais: uma conceitualizaçãoHistoricamente o campo das habilidades sociais foi construído de forma eclética, com maior influência por parte das abordagens cognitivas e comportamentais. Segundo Del Prette e Del Prette (2000), a origem desse campo deve-se a dois movimentos concomitantes: o do treinamento assertivo iniciado por Wolpe e Lazarus nos USA e o treinamento de habilidades sociais liderado por Argyle na Inglaterra. A categoria da assertividade foi absorvida dentro do universo mais amplo das habilidades sociais (Bolsoni-Silva et al., 2006;Del Prette & Del Prette, 1996). Além desses, Bolsoni--Silva (2002) aponta outros modelos que contribuíram para o campo, como o modelo de aprendizagem social, de crenças irracionais, vulnerabilidade cognitiva, percepção social e da teoria dos papéis para citar alguns exemplos.No Brasil, o desenvolvimento do campo conceitual das habilidades sociais foi tardio e tende a integrar diversos desenvolvimentos anteriores na literatura internacional. Del Prette e Del Prette (1996) incluem "todo e qualquer desempenho emitido em interações sociais" (p. 242) na categoria de habilidades sociais. Essas podem ser categorizadas nas funções: conceitual, que envolve um conjunto de suposições e teorizações...
Estresse parental em famílias de crianças com paralisia cerebral: revisão integrativaParental stress in families of children with cerebral palsy: an integrative review
Functional analytic psychotherapy (FAP) is defined as behavior-analytically conceptualized talk therapy. In contrast to the technique-oriented educational format of cognitive behavior therapy and the use of structural mediational models, FAP depends on the functional analysis of the moment-to-moment stream of interactions between client and therapist. This distinctive feature makes FAP particularly sensitive to the challenges posed by cultural differences between client and therapist. Core elements of FAP philosophy are invoked to argue that this vulnerability paradoxically implies an increased ability to capture and use relevant issues in the therapy process with culturally different clients. This argument focuses FAP's preference for concrete behavior over theoretical modeling, its emphasis on functional principles rather than topographically defined techniques, and its inclusion of the therapist's behavior in the assessment of clients' clinically relevant behavior. Suggestions are given concerning how academic and practical training and personal experience may be used to foster sound multicultural practice.
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