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2013). The characterisation of diesel nozzle flow using high speed imaging of elastic light scattering. This is the accepted version of the paper. This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/13540/ Link to published version: http://dx. ABSTRACTTwo identical, conventional six-hole, valve-covered orifice (VCO) diesel injectors have been modified in order to provide optical access to the region below the needle, and the nozzleflow passages. This has been achieved through the removal of the metal tips, and their replacement with transparent acrylic tips of identical geometry.These two identical injectors were employed in order to offer comparability between the measurements. One of them had a dark, anodised inner surface at the base, while the other had a silvered inner surface at the base. Elastic scattering of incident white light from the internal cavitating flow inside the nozzle holes of the optically accessible diesel injector tips was captured on a high-speed electronic camera. The optical image data was obtained for three injector rail pressures ranging from 200 bar to 400 bar, and for five diesel fuels of varying density, viscosity, and distillation profile, in order to identify variations in cavitation flow behaviour inside the nozzle hole passages.A set of mean time-resolved diesel fuel flow images were obtained from thirty successive fuel injection pulses, for each operating condition, for each injector. The mean cavitation image occurring in the nozzle holes was converted to the mean proportion of nozzle hole area producing cavitation-induced optical scattering. The mean normalised area images were then 2 analysed, and were able to demonstrate the anticipated inverse relationship between injected fuel mass and cavitation volume fraction (indicated by mean normalised area), and the effect of fuel viscosity and distillation profile on cavitation volume fraction (again indicated by mean normalised area)

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Pasteurella multocida , a zoonotic infectious organism, has most often been described in patients after an animal bite. It can cause a variety of infections ranging from superficial skin infections to more serious systemic infections, such as sepsis and meningitis. P. multocida is a rare but well-recognized cause of prosthetic joint infections. Here, we report the first implant-associated infection caused by drug-resistant (penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) P. multocida , which was cured with targeted antimicrobial treatment and debridement, exchange of mobile parts, and retention of the prosthesis. Patients undergoing arthroplasty should be informed of the risks of close contact with pets, especially in light of the worrying phenomena of drug resistance spreading among animals due to the addition of antibiotics in animal feed.

Agrarian industrialization and new food regimes have radically changed socioecologies of local and global agrarian structures displacing traditional socioecological strategies of land use and management. This paper analyses this transformation from an agroecological perspective by raising the question of how the agrarian activities and the uses of commons have changed in the municipality of Baunei (Sardinia, Italy) with a special focus on livestock farming. Ethnographic research –through participant observation methods and open and semi-structured in-depth interviews– has enabled to reconstruct the traditional use of land and the strategies of its socioecological management as well as the changes produced by agricultural modernization and modernity at large, and finally, to unveil new perspectives of re-peasantization among Baunei’s shepherds to obtain more feasible and sustainable farms. This study highlights tendencies of re-peasantization in land management strategies and the seek for cooperative answers, including an internal reflection on the socioecological meaning of traditional strategies for managing the commons (in usi cicivi) and provides insights to the new potentials of such management and social cooperation practices together with new agricultural techniques and organizational structures in building more sustainable and just food and agricultural systems.