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RESUMO Estudos recentes sugerem desafios para o desenvolvimento da ciência da segurança, quais sejam alargamento de perspectivas e metodologias para a compreensão do trabalho sociotécnico, incentivo para que os efeitos da complexidade sejam analisados com maior profundidade e para que pesquisas em segurança sejam politicamente orientadas em seus modelos. Este estudo explora contribuições da Teoria Ator-Rede como recurso metodológico para reagrupar elementos humanos e não humanos nas pesquisas em ciência da segurança, especialmente quando consideramos a realidade dinâmica, a variabilidade e a incerteza que caracterizam sistemas sociotécnicos complexos. À luz dos elementos teóricos da Teoria Ator-Rede, tais como controvérsias, ontologias políticas, enactment, discutimos possibilidades para cartografia de controvérsias em estudos em ciência da segurança. A discussão contribui, então, com novas conexões metodológicas para pesquisas em ciência da segurança, que explorem associações e reposicionamentos entre as diferentes realidades que compõem o campo.

Recent studies suggest challenges in developing safety science: broadening perspectives and methodologies for sociotechnical work comprehension and incentives so that the complexity effects can be analyzed with greater depth and safety research can become politically oriented in its models. This study explores the contributions of Actor-Network Theory as a methodological resource to reassemble human and non-human elements in safety science research, especially when considering the dynamic reality, variability, and uncertainty characteristic of complex sociotechnical systems. In light of the theoretical aspects of the Actor-Network Theory, such as controversies, political ontologies, and enactment, we discuss possibilities for the cartography of controversies in safety science studies. The discussion contributes, thus, with new methodological connections to research in safety science, exploring associations and new positions among different realities in the field.

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Operations Control Centres (OCCs) are critical structures used by airlines to oversee the execution of all planned flights, managing punctuality, regularity and customer support. In this study, we investigated the decision-making during flight disruptions inside an OCC from the naturalistic decision-making perspective. We conducted a mini-ethnography case study in a major South American airline, focussing on how functions critical to the flight disruption management cope with variability. Data collection included document analyses, field notes, direct observations and interviews. The functional description of work-as-done revealed how the OCC constantly and actively looks for signs of disruption while monitoring the normal operation and rebalancing resources. The decision-making process is distributed and decentralised across multiple functions, where experts from each function rely on a repertoire of strategies to deploy innovative solutions to dynamic scenarios. Five different mechanisms were identified that converge functions to disarm potential disruptions before they compromise the flight network, and continuously create and reinforce system buffers.