Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of sports participation (12 months of practice) on components of the metabolic syndrome of both sexes.Methods Observational longitudinal study, party of the study entitled “Analysis of Behaviors of Children During Growth” (ABCD Growth Study), Presidente Prudente, SP. The sample consisted of 171 adolescents [112 boys and 59 girls], the groups were divided between non-sport and sport, according to the inclusion criteria: age 11 to 17 years; absence of known diseases previously diagnosed; no regular use of medications related to blood pressure or lipid metabolism; involvement in sports in the las 12 months (sports group) for at least one year without any regular involvement in sports training routines or physical exercises (non-sports group), signed written consent form parents and adolescents. The high-density cholesterol lipoproteins (HDL-c), triglycerides (TG), and glucose were analyzed by the dry chemical colorimetric method and processed biochemically. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were assessed using an automatic device. Body fat (BF) was estimated using a densitometry scanner. Ethnicity, sex, maturity, and body weight were treated as covariates.Results The adolescents involved in the sport were younger [p-value = 0.001] and with lower PVC [p-value = 0.001] than the non-sport group. The differences () after 12 months were of greater magnitude for the sports group when compared to non-sports group [p-value = 0.013], glucose (moderate magnitude in favor of the sports group; p-value = 0.001), HDL-c (small magnitude in favor of the sports group; p-value = 0.0015) and MetS (moderate magnitude in favor of the sports group; p-value = 0.001). Sport with high cardiorespiratory demand has more pronounced benefits than other groups. Sport seems to have a positive relationship in the variables sports participation, weekly volume, and load intensity. Conclusion Sports practice in adolescents had a protective effect on the metabolic components of the metabolic syndrome.

Background: Resistance training is a known method for weight reduction, but in apparently healthy adolescents the effects on health aspects are not clear. Aims: Was to analyze the relationship between resistance training (RT) and body composition in adolescents over a 12-month follow-up. Methods: Longitudinal study conducted at a public university in Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. Data from a study entitled the “ABCD- Growth Study” were used. The sample consisted of 190 adolescents of both sexes from schools (public and private) and sports clubs in Presidente Prudente, Brazil, divided into 3 groups according to RT practice: non-engagement (n=121), irregular engagement (n=44), and frequent engagement (n=25). Engagement in RT was assessed by face-to-face interviews. The bone mineral density (BMD), lean soft tissue (LST), and body fatness (BF) were analyzed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). All data analyses were performed using BioEstat statistical software (version 5.0) and the statistical significance was set at 5% (p-value <0.05). Results: After 12-months of follow-up, adolescents frequently engaged in RT presented higher gains in LST (6.160 kg [3.727 to 8.593]) and BMD-upper limbs (0.096 g/cm2 [0.072 to 0.121]) when compared to adolescents who were not engaged in RT (2.452 kg [1.461 to 3.442] and 0.096 g/cm2 [0.072 to 0.121], respectively). Findings were more consistent for boys than girls. Conclusion: Regular engagement in RT seems to be related to higher gains in muscle mass and bone density, especially among boys.

Background: The relationship between physical activity and health care costs among adolescents is not yet clear in the literature.Objective: To analyze the relationship between physical activity and annual health care costs among adolescents.Methods: The present sample was composed of 85 adolescents of both sexes with ages ranging from 11 to 18 years (mean age 15.6±2.1). Health care costs were self-reported every month for 12 months, and information on health care values was verified at local pharmacies, private health care plans, and the National Health Service. The time spent in different physical activity intensities was objectively measured by accelerometers. Confounding variables were: sex, age, somatic maturation, body fatness, blood pressure, and components of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Multivariate models were generated using generalized linear models with gamma distribution and a log-link function.Results: The overall annual health care cost was US$ 733.60/ R$ 2,342.38 (medication: US$ 400.46 / R$ 1,278.66; primary and secondary care: US$ 333.14 / R$ 1,063.70). The time spent in vigorous physical activity (minutes/day) was negatively related to health care costs (r= -0.342 [95% CI: -0.537, - 0.139]; β= -0.06 cents (95% CI: -0.089, -0.031).Conclusion: Vigorous physical activity seems to be associated with lower health care costs among adolescents.