In the last decade, Brazil was the scene of two of the world's biggest disasters related to mining tailings dams. The collapse of the Mariana and Brumadinho dams was catastrophic event that brought to light major environmental and humanitarian crises. Facts like this incite debate on the safety of dam construction methods and highlight the need for a broad discussion of dam safety legislation in the country. From the above, this paper promotes a review of various forms of construction of tailings dams and their associated problems, as well as discusses the techniques for soil reinforcement and their construction methods. The work also brings an overview of the Brazilian dams from April to July 2019, tracing the context of the Brazilian tailings dams months after the tragedy of Brumadinho. The methodology includes a robust literature review and discourse analysis. In Brazil, the number of ruptured dams is alarming, especially in the state of Minas Gerais, in which more than 7 have broken in the last two decades. Among the damages, the deaths impact society abruptly and were cataloged 455 deaths, of which 216 correspond to the rupture of the dam of the Córrego do Feijão mine in Brumadinho. To evaluate and diagnose a dam, one should consider ordinance N˚ 70,389, 2017 revoked by Resolution ANM n˚ 95, of February 7, 2022. In this context, in March 2019, we experienced several disturbing situations regarding dam instability in the state of Minas Gerais, being categorized as risky structures. To exemplify, one can cite dams classified as level 2 risk that became level 3.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a aplicabilidade da metodologia Six Sigma para otimizar as atividades de gerenciamento de operações em uma mina de fosfato no município de Araxá, Minas Gerais, e assim conseguir aprimorar o modelo de blocos. Para isto, foi utilizado o modelo DMAIC - Definir, Medir, Analisar, Aprimorar e Controlar. Inicialmente foi definido a problemática e, perspectiva da pesquisa da geologia de mina. E, nas etapas posteriores foram empregadas ferramentas de melhoria contínua, como: mapa de processos, gráfico de pareto, diagrama de causa e efeito incluindo os KPI’s - Indicadores-chave de Desempenho, matriz GUT - Gravidade, Urgência e Tendência e gráfico de controle, confeccionados utilizando o programa MiniTab. Os resultados apresentam a amostragem como indicador principal e desenvolve planos de ação de forma a complementar o trabalho base. Portanto, é possível entender a importância da metodologia Six Sigma aplicada na geologia de mina e sua representatividade na otimização das operações, com o uso de técnicas de melhoria contínua.