The aim of this study was to find out the quality of life of women during pregnancy, which areas of quality of life are the most risky, and to determine the impact of age, parity and period of pregnancy on the quality of life of pregnant women. The work is a quantitative cross-sectional study. The QOL-GRAV standardized questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life of women during pregnancy. The study consisted of 304 pregnant women (mean age of 27 ± 4.95 years) with a physiological pregnancy. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient (p < 0.005) and variance analysis (ANOVA) (p < 0.05). The quality of life during pregnancy has proven to be very good and excellent. The most risky areas of quality of life have been expressed in the partner life satisfaction, physical changes causing limitations, physical activity limitations, and the fears of managing labor. There were no statistically significant differences in the quality of life in relation to age, parity and period of pregnancy. Assessing quality of life is important in terms of timely preventive measures during pregnancy and should lead to an increase in the quality of care for pregnant women and their well-being, with emphasis on the health of pregnant women. S Ú H R N Cieľom práce bolo zistiť, aká je kvalita života žien počas tehotenstva, ktoré oblasti kvality života sú najrizikovejšie, a zistiť vplyv veku, parity a obdobia tehotenstva na kvalitu života tehotných žien. Práca má charakter kvantitatívnej prierezovej štúdie. Bol použitý štandardizovaný dotazník QOL-GRAV zameraný na posúdenie úrovne kvality života žien počas tehotenstva. Výskumný súbor tvorilo 304 tehotných žien s vekovým priemerom 27 ± 4,95 rokov a fyziologickým tehotenstvom. Údaje boli analyzované pomocou deskriptívnej štatistiky, Pearson korelačného koeficientu (p < 0,005) a analýzy rozptylu (ANOVA) (p < 0.05). Kvalita života počas tehotenstva sa preukázala vo väčšine na úrovni veľmi dobrá a výborná. Najrizikovejšie oblasti kvality života sa prejavili v spokojnosti s partnerským životom, telesných zmenách spôsobujúcich obmedzenia, obmedzení fyzickej
AimTo assess the quality of self‐assessment and the attitude of healthcare workers (HCWs) to hand hygiene (HH) as possible factors of unsatisfactory HH compliance in clinical practice.BackgroundNoncompliance of HH causes healthcare‐acquired infections (HAI) in patients. It is assumed that HH‐related infections make up approximately 80% of all infections in clinical practice. Our observations suggest that self‐assessment and attitude might be surprisingly important factors.Design and methodThe cross‐sectional approach using questionnaire and direct observation was applied. We followed STROBE guidelines. In total, questionnaires of 639 HCWs of surgical departments were included in the study, and 127 HCWs had been also directly observed.ResultsHigh self‐assessment regarding HH compliance and its knowledge was reported by 74% and 83% of HCWs, respectively. At the same time, only 51% of HCWs positively evaluated their colleagues with respect to HH. Similar to previous studies, we have found significant differences between physicians and nurses regarding the level of self‐assessment, attitude and perception of HH. Physicians were more critical in self‐assessment and considered HH less important compared to nurses. The observations revealed drawbacks in HH practices. The high level of self‐overassessment might be a contributing factor to noncompliance with HH.ConclusionsIt is necessary to establish systematic professional training and education of HCWs in relation to their HH, and to continuously monitor and evaluate the level of self‐assessment in clinical practice, mainly in surgery.Relevance to clinical practiceA reasonable objective level of self‐assessment and attitude to HH are the most important conditions for preventing of HAI in patients.
Aim: The study aimed to determine childbirth experience and the overall satisfaction of women with childbirth and its related socio-demographic and obstetric factors. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: We used the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) on a sample of 161 primiparous women. Results: Total mean CEQ score was 49.78 (SD = 6.02). The best-rated domain was the Perceived safety domain at 2.66 (± 1.90). The worst-rated domain was the Professional support domain at 1.66 (± 1.30). Regarding childbirth satisfaction, the mode of delivery proved to be a related factor, with the highest level of childbirth satisfaction in women after surgical delivery. Conclusion: Providing quality care and creating a positive experience that can contribute to overall birth satisfaction should be a common target of healthcare professionals in caring for parturient women. In order to create a positive childbirth experience, it is necessary to pay increased attention to the management of labor pain relief, to improving the professional support provided by midwives (i.e., through a more sensitive approach to mothers), to promoting the active participation of the mother during childbirth, and to supporting spontaneous vaginal delivery.
Aim: Aim of the study was to examine the intensity of childbirth-related fear, its components and relationship with selected variables (age, parity, and delivery history) among pregnant women in Slovakia. Design: The study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: A cross-sectional study, 156 pregnant women participated in the research (age 29.7 ± 4.73). The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ, version A) was used to assess the intensity of childbirth-related fear. A short questionnaire of our own design was used to measure the components of child-related fear. Correlation analysis, ANOVA, and linear regression were employed. Results: The average intensity of child-related fear in the research sample was 68.8 (± 11.6), extreme fear was identified among 9.6% of pregnant women. Child-related fear and age were significantly negatively correlated (R = -0.16; p = 0.05). Results of ANOVA showed significant differences in intensity of fear according to delivery history (F = 4.58; p = 0.005). In the linear regression model, parity and delivery history were shown to be significant predictors of fear of childbirth. The most prevalent components of childbirth-related fear were pain (21.2%), prolonged labor (19.2%), and use of forceps or vacuum extraction (17.6%). Conclusion: Being a primipara, or perceiving a previous labor as complicated were significant factors influencing the fear of childbirth in our sample. The identification of the components and related factors of childbirth-related fear is important in planning effective intervention strategies aimed at anxiety prevention during pregnancy, and contributes to improvement in the quality of life of pregnant women.
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess bonding between a mother and her child with an emphasis on its predictors as well as to identify the women who are at risk of mother-infant bonding disorders. Design: A quantitative cross-sectional study. Methods: To collect the relevant data, the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) was used to assess the following four factors: quality of mother-infant bond (F1); rejection and pathological anger (F2); infant-focused anxiety (F3); incipient abuse of infant (F4). The research sample consisted of 200 women who were 0-6 weeks after childbirth. The received data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the Robust ANOVA and the Wilcoxon two-sample test. Results: We identified 9.5% at-risk women in the F1; 1.5% at-risk women in the F2; 3.5% at-risk women in the F3; and 5% at-risk women in the F4. The following statistically significant predictors were shown in relation to the F1: child planning; the F3: parity; skin-to-skin contact support after birth. Conclusion: Possible predictors and the mothers who are at risk in relation to a secure attachment connection were identified, which is important in terms of preventive interventions on the part of midwives.
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