RESUMOObjetivo: Ressaltar a importância do estridor por anel vascular em recém-nascidos.Descrição do caso: Caso 1: recém-nascido a termo do sexo feminino, com história prévia de poli-hidrâmnio, apresentou estridor na sala de parto e necessidade de intubação orotraqueal com parâmetros ventilatórios moderados. Trouxe melhora do quadro respiratório após a inserçào de cânula traqueal além do habitual, o que motivou a investigação de compressão traqueal extrínseca. Realizado diagnóstico de duplo arco aórtico, seguido de cirurgia corretiva com boa evolução. Caso 2: menina de sete meses com estridor desde o nascimento e diagnóstico prévio de laringomalácia, com diversas internações anteriores por doenças respiratórias. Na última internação, houve melhora dos sintomas após a intubação seletiva do brônquio principal direito, sugerindo compressão extrín-seca da traqueia. Após a confirmação do diagnóstico de anel vascular, foi submetida à correção cirúrgica, porém evoluiu a óbito.Comentários: O anel vascular não é a principal causa de estridor em recém-nascidos, mas deve ser considerado no diagnóstico diferencial. O baixo índice de suspeição dessa alteração leva a atrasos no tratamento e, como consequência, aumenta o risco de traqueomalácia e dismotilidade esofágica mesmo após a correção cirúrgica.Palavras-chave: recém-nascido; sons respiratórios; estenose traqueal; aorta torácica. ABSTRACT Objective:To underline the importance of vascular rings causing stridor in newborns infants.Case description: Case 1: term female newborn infant with prenatal history of polyhydramnios that presented stridor in the delivery room. She was treated with endotracheal intubation and moderate ventilator settings. She improved her respiratory distress after the insertion of the endotracheal tube deeper than usual. This fact prompted the investigation of extrinsic tracheal compression. A double aortic arch was diagnosed, which had satisfactory surgical outcome. Case 2: a seven-month old girl with stridor since birth and previous diagnosis of laryngomalacia had several hospital admissions due to respiratory distress. In her last hospital stay, she improved after a selective intubation of the right main bronchus, suggesting the presence of extrinsic tracheal compression. After the diagnosis of a vascular ring, she was submitted to the surgical correction, but she died soon after surgery.Comments: Vascular rings are not the main cause of upper airway obstruction in newborn infants but they should be considered in the differencial diagnosis. The low index of suspicion delays diagnosis and treatment and increases the risk of tracheomalacia and esophageal dysmotility, even after surgical repair.
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