Maternal low-energy diet shows discernible short- and long-term effects on offspring, and this is dependent on the time of perinatal period.

Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a brain electrical response related to neural activity and probably also related to diseases like migraine and epilepsy. Adverse conditions like malnutrition and exposure to a warm environment early-in-life can permanently alter brain development, changing electrophysiological features of the brain responses and rendering the brain prone to febrile seizures. Here we investigated the lasting effects of heat exposure on brain CSD propagation in well-nourished and malnourished developing rats. From postnatal days 10-29, rats were exposed to daily sessions (one session per day, five sessions per week during 3 weeks; total of 15 sessions) of a warm environment (40+/-2 degrees C). At 30-40 days and 90-120 days of life (young and adult age-ranges, respectively), they were anesthetized (urethane+chloralose; 1000 + 40 mg/kg ip) and the electrocorticogram plus the slow potential change accompanying CSD were recorded on two parietal points for 4h. Compared to controls (maintained on the normal environment temperature, 23+/-2 degrees C), heat-exposed rats displayed higher CSD velocities of propagation (P<0.05; ANOVA plus Tukey test) at both age-ranges and nutritional statuses. The mean+/-S.D. CSD velocities (in mm/min) were: for control- and heat-exposed well-nourished rats, 3.75+/-0.15 and 4.17+/-0.19 (young groups), and 3.33+/-0.06 and 3.88+/-0.26 (adult); for the same control and heat exposure conditions in the malnourished rats, 4.30+/-0.22 and 5.31+/-0.46 (young), and 4.18+/-0.20 and 4.88+/-0.35 (adult). In contrast to early malnutrition, heat exposure did not affect body and brain weights. Data support the hypotheses that (1) early heat exposure long-lasting facilitates CSD propagation and (2) this effect is not modified by early malnutrition.

The study case intends to reconstruct the rules of the actual urban legislation on the Special Areas of Social Interest of a tropical Brazilian city, Maceió, capital of Alagoas State.Objective: to propose a new tool to support future urban plans, the Social Cartography, which takes into account the needs of the "forgotten" contemporary city, the city "in the shade": the "self-built" settlements. The more significant of these, have historical origins, they are located in areas for the fishermen in the periphery of the city, areas that have existed since colonial times. Others are located in areas of new contemporary occupation / "invasion".Method: the study wants to investigate how the community is facing the new challenges of the contemporary world.

A construção das cidades brasileiras foi marcada por um aumento da segregação espacial socioeconômica – com fluxo das populações mais pobres desde zonas centrais para a periferia – que foram ocasionadas principalmente por pressões do mercado, pelos altos custos de habitações das zonas centrais e pelas ações de políticas públicas habitacionais. Na perspectiva urbanística do Estatuto da Cidade, as Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social (ZEIS) consolidaram-se como um tipo especial de zoneamento que busca a inclusão de populações de baixa renda a áreas servidas de equipamentos e infraestrutura. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa pretende caracterizar uma área para implementação de ZEIS no litoral norte de Maceió-AL em consonância com a legislação vigente e com os anseios da população local e, ainda, discutir os processos de implementação dessas zonas no Brasil, suas potencialidades e barreiras. Torna-se necessário entender o contexto das atribuições do poder local, seus objetivos e finalidades frente ao atendimento das demandas por igualdade social, de forma a garantir um caráter emancipatório dessas políticas. Assim, o artigo procura reforçar as iniciativas de planejamento das ações em nível local de forma participativa, considerando noções de pertencimento e reconhecimento que legitimariam estas intervenções perante a comunidade.