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Liquid-liquid equilibrium data for water + citric acid + 2-butanol + NaCl at three different salt concentrations (5, 10, and 15 mass %) and at 298.15 K were determined. The parameters for the NRTL and UNIQUAC models were obtained by fitting the thermodynamic models to the experimental data.

In the past few years, new processes for citric acid recovery have been studied. Among these processes, liquid-liquid extraction has had special attention. The extraction process is attractive due to the fact that, if a good solvent is used, it presents high selectivity and efficiency, it does not affect the thermal stability of products, and it requires low energy consumption. In this work, experimental data for the liquid-liquid equilibria of water-citric acid-solvent systems were obtained. The following solvents were tested: 2-butanol, 1-butanol, and mixed solvents containing those alcohols and tricaprylin. The parameters for the NRTL and UNIQUAC models were obtained by fitting the thermodynamic models to the experimental data.

Primeiramente a Deus, pois se não fosse ele e a fé de meus pais em um milagre, eu não estaria viva aqui, com saúde para estar escrevendo estas linhas.Aos meus pais e à minha irmã e companheira Letícia, pelo amor, exemplo, incentivo e conselhos em todos os momentos da minha vida.Ao Gerson, pelo seu amor, companheirismo e compreensão nos muitos momentos em que estive ausente durante este trabalho.