Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a prevalent type of cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Sarcopenia, a progressive skeletal muscle wasting disorder, is very prevalent in individuals with cancer and is responsible for poor clinical outcomes. This study investigated the association between demographical, anthropometric, nutritional status, tumor clinical characteristics, physical performance, and C-reactive protein and albumin levels and sarcopenia in individuals with HNSCC (n = 125; male/female ratio: 3.8/1; age: 59.38 ± 10.72 years). Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle strength and low muscle performance. Anthropometrical measurements, nutritional status, performance status, tumor characteristics, and CRP and albumin levels were analyzed using binary logistic regression models. Sarcopenia in individuals with HNSCC was more likely to occur in Individuals that exhibited low MAC (OR = 0.73 IC95% = 0.57-0.93) and MAMC (OR = 11.93, IC95% = 1.76-80.52), and high UFA (OR = 1.22, IC95% = 1.06-1.42) anthropometrical parameters, and ECOG scores > 1 (OR = 4.76, IC95% = 1.55-14.62). Early identification of anthropometric changes in appendicular muscularity and adiposity and the diagnosis of poor performance status tends to favor a prompt identification of sarcopenia in individuals with HNSCC.