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Resumo: O estudo investiga o processo de tomada de decisão dos consumidores, suas atitudes e valores em relação ao alimento orgânico pelo uso da Teoria do Comportamento Planejado, adaptando a metodologia de um estudo da União Europeia. Foram entrevistados 450 consumidores em supermercados e feiras ecológicas em Porto Alegre, Brasil. Os resultados indicam um grande nível de penetração e uma atitude muito positiva em relação aos produtos orgânicos. Os entrevistados acreditam que os alimentos orgânicos são mais saudáveis, saborosos, mais naturais e ambientalmente corretos, apesar de serem menos atraentes visualmente e mais caros que alimentos convencionais. Os respondentes das feiras ecológicas representam um segmento específico com valores mais orientados para questões sociais. Os resultados mostram um alinhamento entre atitude positiva e comportamento do consumidor na amostra estudada. O estudo contribui para todas as partes envolvidas na cadeia de produtos orgânicos, já que o conhecimento dos atributos mais valorizados pelos consumidores pode apoiar o varejo a coordenarem a cadeia de suprimentos, estimulando mais produtores na adesão à certificação orgânica, melhorando suas práticas produtivas e renda. Consumidores também se beneficiam da oferta de alimentos orgânicos. Palavras-chaves:

The characterization of cellular changes that occur during somatic embryogenesis is essential for understanding the factors involved in the transition of somatic cells into embryogenically competent cells and determination of cells and/or tissues involved. The present study describes the anatomical and ultrastructural events that lead to the formation of somatic embryos in the model system of the wild passion fruit (Passiflora cincinnata). Mature zygotic embryos were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog induction media supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 6-benzyladenine. Zygotic embryo explants at different development stages were collected and processed by conventional methods for studies using light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Histochemical tests were used to examine the mobilization of reserves. The differentiation of the somatic embryos began in the abaxial side of the cotyledon region. Protuberances were formed from the meristematic proliferation of the epidermal and mesophyll cells. These cells had large nuclei, dense cytoplasm with a predominance of mitochondria, and a few reserve compounds. The protuberances extended throughout the abaxial surface of the cotyledons. The ongoing differentiation of peripheral cells of these structures led to the formation of proembryogenic zones, which, in turn, dedifferentiated into somatic embryos of multicellular origin. In the initial stages of embryogenesis, the epidermal and mesophyll cells showed starch grains and less lipids and protein reserves than the starting explant. These results provide detailed information on anatomical and ultrastructural changes involved in the acquisition of embryogenic competence and embryo differentiation that has been lacking so far in Passiflora.

RESUMOO estudo do comportamento do consumidor tem sido um tema em destaque tanto no meio acadêmico quanto no empresarial. De acordo com a Teoria do Comportamento Planejado (TPB -Theory of Planned Behavior), o comportamento humano individual é uma função da intenção de comportamento. Esta intenção, no entanto, depende de outros três quesitos: da combinação das atitudes e a influência que as crenças comportamentais exercem sobre elas, das normas subjetivas e da percepção individual sobre o comportamento percebido. Adicionalmente, os padrões de consumo de alimentos estão mudando rapidamente, e ocorre uma rápida expansão do consumo de alimentos orgânicos no mundo, bem como o aumento do interesse pelos processos de compra e consumo deste tipo de produto. Assim, este estudo propõe como contribuição teórica a replicação do modelo da TPB no contexto brasileiro. Para tanto, realizouse uma pesquisa tipo survey com 446 consumidores de tomates orgânicos em dois canais de distribuição de produtos orgânicos (supermercado e feira ecológica) na cidade de Porto Alegre. Os dados foram analisados através de técnicas estatísticas univariadas e multivariadas, tais como a modelagem de equações estruturais. O modelo foi validado parcialmente, apresentando bons índices de ajuste. Os resultados indicam que as atitudes e o controle percebido influenciam significativamente a intenção de consumo, mas os construtos incerteza percebida e norma subjetiva não apresentaram efeito significativo na intenção de compra. Os resultados revelaram características do comportamento do consumidor de produtos orgânicos e permitiram a validação do modelo no contexto do consumo de alimentos orgânicos no Brasil.Palavras-chave: alimentos orgânicos, comportamento do consumidor, Teoria do Comportamento Planejado. ABSTRACTConsumer behavior has been an important topic in academic studies as well as for companies' strategies. According to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), human behavior is grounded on three constructs: (i) behavioral beliefs, (ii) normative beliefs, and (iii) control beliefs. It is widely recognized that patterns of food consumption have undergone rapid change over the past few years as a result of concerns about environmental sustainability, development, nutritional aspects and also health issues. This study examines the motivations behind the consumer's

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse how internal and external factors can influence on the adoption of eco-innovation by food companies. Although innovation and sustainability are relevant concepts, they are not being considered together in the literature. Hereof, eco-innovation encloses both approaches. Design/methodology/approach – A survey with 581 Brazilian companies was conducted. The structure of influential internal and external factors was analysed by an exploratory factor analysis, and the relations between groups of variables identified in the study were verified through regression analysis. Environmental capability, environmental managerial concern and human resources were internal factors investigated in this study, and regulatory and normative pressures, cooperation and government support were the external factors. Findings – Human resources was the most important internal factor, followed by environmental managerial concern and environmental capability. Collaboration was the most important external factor, followed by normative pressures and environmental regulations, while government support was seen as deficient. Companies stated that these factors were important to adopt environmental practices and increase performance. Practical implications – Understanding why food companies adopt eco-innovation will help policy makers to develop specific actions to promote eco-innovations. For managers, it can be a relevant tool to identify which factors to invest, if the company is eco-strategizing. Hiring committed staff, top management green consciousness and collaboration with key stakeholders can boost sustainability. Originality/value – This study brings an innovative approach with robust theoretical support in a comprehensive conceptual model, gathering and investigating all relevant internal and external factors in the literature. Those factors are used in an integrated way in the final model for the empirical investigation, while the literature generally emphasizes only external factors.