Despite technological advances, the prognosis and survival of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) adult patients remain low, compared with other hematologic malignancies. Some antigens detected by immunophenotyping may soon play a significant role in the pathophysiologic, prognostic, and overall survival (OS) rate of AML patients. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (using PRISMA guidelines). We analyzed 11 studies and 13 antigens, detected through the immunophenotyping of 639 patients. From them, twelve exhibited a negative impact with AML prognosis. The meta-analysis demonstrated a high expression of AML markers, which have been associated with a decrease in survival over 10 months (RR 2.55; IC 95%; 1.49–4.37) and over 20 months (RR 2.46; IC 95%; 1.75–3.45). Knowing that the expression of immunophenotypic markers, which are not used on a routine basis, might be able to influence disease behavior, looks promising. However, they have been associated with a poor prognosis as well as a decrease in survival. This may allow for different chemotherapeutical protocols, including future studies for new therapeutic targets.

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Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the influence of aberrant phenotypes in prognosis and survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients by multiparametric flow cytometry. Materials and Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a review of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science was carried out through 1998 to 2016, conducted by two reviewers independently, evaluating titles, abstracts and full-texts of the selected studies. Results: Ten studies were included on this review, in which the aberrant phenotype expression of 17 markers were detected in AML patients. From these, 11 aberrant phenotypes were associated with prognosis, which eight had shown negative impact on prognosis: CD7, CD56, CD15, CD2, CD3, CD90low, CD123high, CD117high, and three others were associated with good prognosis: CD19, CD98high and CD117+/CD15+. Meta-analysis showed that aberrant expression of CD56 as a poor prognostic marker with unfavorable outcomes is implicated in decreased overall survival in AML patients in 28 months (95% CI: 0.62 to 0.92). Conclusion: This was observed when there was association between CD56 expression and other prognostic factors, influencing on patients’ management care and treatment.

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Background: The use of Lactobacillus probiotics may confer beneficial effects on an individual’s health, such as the ability to act against fungi of the genus Candida. There are about 200 species of those yeasts, and they can develop candidiasis infections, which affect about 75% of adult women. Objective: This study aimed to raise articles that investigated the potential action of several Lactobacillus strains in front of Candida species. Method: For this review, 15 articles, published between 2015 and 2020, were studied. Results: The results showed the Lactobacillus species L. paracasei, L. acidophilus, L. helveticus, L. rhamnosus, L. reuteri, and L. gasseri have the potential action to inhibit the growth and quantity of colony-forming units of Candida species in vitro studies. Further, they can reduce the rate of candidiasis recurrence and increase the cure rate, mainly when associated with traditional pharmacotherapy, as observed in vivo studies. Conclusion: The time of use and the strain of Lactobacillus probiotics can also be a determining factor for the efficiency in the treatment against Candida species, suggesting that a long time of use of Lactobacillus probiotics is directly associated with a better result.