Puccinia xanthii Schwein. f. sp. ambrosiae-trifidae S.W.T. Batra is an obligate parasitic rust fungus of Ambrosia trifida Linn. Field investigations in Liaoning Province, China, showed that it is an effective biocontrol agent of this alien invasive weed. Its infection of the plant was observed by light microscopy combined with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 staining. We report the infection process, including teliospore germination and basidiospore formation on the host leaf surface, penetration of host tissue, and development of fungal hyphae within the host tissue. Fresh teliospores began to germinate from the germ pore within 1 h under suitable conditions and soon produced basidiospores or secondary basidiospores. Basidiospores falling on host leaves germinated from the end of the basidiospore opposite to the apiculus. Appressoria of germ tubes tended to orient along leaf epidermis cell ridges or at junctions near stomata rather than fixing randomly on the leaf surface. These germ tubes grew for short or longer distances before forming appressoria. The rust fungus directly penetrated the host epidermis by infectious pegs rather than through stomata. Within host tissues, the rust fungus formed intraepidermal vesicles, primary hyphae, intracellular hyphae, and M-haustoria. The intricate infectious structures formed by P. xanthii f. sp. ambrosiae-trifidae on or in host tissues suggest that the rust fungus is a suitable organism for researching the interaction between the pathogen and host plant.Résumé : Le Puccinia xanthii Schwein. f. sp. ambrosiae-trifidae S. W. T. Batra est une rouille fongique parasite obligatoire de l'Ambrosia trifida Linn. Des recherches conduites sur le terrain dans la province de Lianong en Chine montrent qu'il constitue un agent de maitrise biologique efficace contre cette plante adventice nuisible. Ils ont observé le processus d'infection de la plante en combinant microscopie photonique avec la méthode de coloration au bleu brillant de Coomassie R-250. Ils présentent le processus d'infection, incluant la germination des téliospores et la formation des basidiospores sur la surface des feuilles, la pénétration des tissus de l'hôte, et le développement des hyphes fongiques dans les tissus de l'hôte. La télios-pore fraiche commence à germer à partir du pore germinatif en moins de 1h, sous des conditions favorables, et produit rapidement des basidiospores ou des basidispores secondaires. Les basisdiospores tombant sur les feuilles de l'hôte germent par l'extrémité de la basidiospore opposée à l'apicule. Les appressoriums du tube germinatif tendent à s'orienter le long des rainures entre les cellules épidermiques de la feuille, ou à leurs jonctions près des stomates, plutôt que de se fixer au hasard sur la surface foliaire. Ces tubes germinatifs poussent sur des distances plus ou moins longues avant de former leur appressoriums. Le champignon de la rouille pénètre directement l'épiderme foliaire par des pointes d'infection plutôt que par les ostioles des stomates. Dans les tissus de l'hôte, le...
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