Although different ways of converting 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (1) to various substrates with high value have been sought, few transformations have obtained building blocks that can be very useful in the area of fine chemistry. Herein, we report the synthesis of protoanemonin (5-methylenefuran-2(5H)-one) from D-fructose via compound (1), a versatile γ-alkylidenebutenolide, using an efficient selfcatalysed process with formic acid, with high reaction performance and selectivity (up to 94% yield and 98% conversion from (1), while 28% yield from D-fructose). This efficient and simple operational process involved a two-phase aqueous-organic system between chlorinated solvents (CH x Cl y) and hydrogen peroxide as the initial oxidizing agent. The reaction presents a key cleavage in the 5-hydroxymethyl moiety of (1), due to the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation (BVO) process that generates formic acid in situ. Ultimately, DFF and HMF were successfully obtained in 80% and 98% yield, respectively, starting from D-fructose and using Preyssler heteropolyacids as Brønsted acid catalysts under an atmosphere of oxygen in the absence of hydrogen peroxide.

<p>El desarrollo de procesos catalíticos heterogéneos es muy deseable dado que se pueden superar las dificultades que presentan los catalizadores homogéneos, tales como la separación y el reciclado de estos<br />catalizadores. En este trabajo, reportamos que los catalizadores tipo Jacobsen son eficientes y selectivos<br />para la oxidación de R-(+)-limoneno a sus correspondientes diepóxidos cuando dimetildioxirano generado<br />in situ es utilizado como agente oxidante. Se demostró que la adición de NaHCO3 sólido, al inicio de la<br />reacción, mejora la actividad catalítica. Además, el catalizador puede ser recuperado y reutilizado al menos<br />dos veces sin pérdida significativa de su actividad catalítica inicial.</p>

In this paper, the incorporation of carbide and nitride phases supported on mesoporous materials like SBA type is described in order to obtain a better material than commercial catalysts (NiMoS/Al2O3, Sg=269 m2.gr-1) specifically in the HDS of dibenzothiophene. The XRD patterns exhibit the presence of carbide and nitride phases in each series, respectively. In the nitride materials, the presence of oxide phases was more evident than in the carbide catalysts. The principal product was biphenyl (BF) for all the analyzed series. This behavior suggests that the DBT desulphurization pathway for the carbide materials was similar to that of sulfide catalysts. Bicyclohexyl (BCH) was analyzed as a product, and cyclohexylbenzene traces (CHB) were determined in a single catalyst (NiMoC-2%P/SBA-16). This was attributed to the hydrogenation character of carbide catalyst reported previously.