BackgroundDrug-drug interactions (DDIs) detected in a patient may not be clinically apparent (potential DDIs), and when they occur, they produce adverse drug reactions (ADRs), toxicity or loss of treatment efficacy. In pediatrics, there are only few publications assessing potential DDIs and their risk factors. There are no studies in children admitted to emergency departments (ED). The present study estimates the prevalence and describes the characteristics of potential DDIs in patients admitted to an ED from a tertiary care hospital in Mexico; in addition, potential DDI-associated risk factors are investigated.MethodsA secondary analysis of data from 915 patients admitted to the ED of the Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez” was conducted. The Medscape Drug Interaction Checker software was used to identify potential DDIs. The results are expressed as number of cases (%), means (95% CI) and medians (25-75th percentiles). Count data regressions for number of total and severity-stratified potential DDIs were performed adjusting for patient characteristics, number of administered drugs, days of stay, presence of ADRs and diagnoses.ResultsThe prevalence of potential DDIs was 61%, with a median of 4 (2–8). A proportion of 0.2% of potential DDIs was “Contraindicated”, 7.5% were classified as “Serious”, 62.8% as “Significant” and 29.5% as “Minor”. Female gender, age, days of stay, number of administered drugs and diagnoses of Neoplasms (C00-D48), Congenital malformations (Q00-Q99), Diseases of the Blood, Blood-forming Organs and Immunity (D50-D89) and Diseases of the nervous system (G00-G99) were significantly associated with potential DDIs.ConclusionThe prevalence of potential DDIs in the ED is high, and strategies should therefore be established to monitor patients’ safety during their stay, in addition to conducting investigations to estimate the real harm potential DDIs inflict on patients.
Introduction In Pediatrics, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) affect morbidity and mortality. In Mexico, the characteristics of ADRs and suspect drugs have not been described in hospitalized children. Objective To estimate the frequency of ADRs and describe them, as well as suspect drugs, in a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Mexico. Methods A total of 1,649 Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gó mez ADR reports were analyzed. Completeness of the information was assessed, and ADRs severity and seriousness were assigned based on NOM-220-SSA1-2012, with causality being established according to the Naranjo algorithm. ADRs were classified with WHO Adverse Drug Reaction Terminology (WHO-ART). The drugs involved in ADRs were categorized according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification. Descriptive analysis was performed using the SPSS 20 statistical package. Results Of all the reports, 5.8% lacked sufficient information for the analysis (grade 0). ADRs frequency ranged from 2.12% to 8.07%. ADRs occurred most commonly in children (56.9%),
Resumen Objetivo. Evaluar la calidad de la atención en unidades médicas que prestan servicios a afiliados al Seguro Médico para una Nueva Generación (SMNG). Material y métodos. Se utilizó la metodología de trazadores en una muestra de 82 unidades médicas seleccionadas en quince estados de la República mexicana y los datos fueron recolectados en noviembre de 2009. Resultados. En tres de los trazadores no se encontró el número de expedientes en las 18 unidades médicas. En el primer nivel de atención se reporta que la calidad del proceso de atención es de 6 en una escala de 0 a 10. La calidad mejora en el segundo nivel, y es la más alta en el tercer nivel. Conclusiones. Se evaluó la calidad e identificaron oportunidades de mejora en la calidad de las unidades médicas del SMNG. Hacia ese objetivo deben ser dirigidos los esfuerzos en el sistema de salud en México. Palabras clave: trazadores; evaluación de la calidad de la atención; México
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Diseño de la evaluación 2009 del programa Seguro Médico para una Nueva Generación. Salud Publica Mex 2012;54 supl 1:S11-S19. ResumenObjetivo. Describir el abordaje de métodos mixtos que se utilizó para evaluar el SMNG Seguro Médico para una Nueva Generación. Material y métodos. la evaluación integral del Programa se llevó a cabo en cuatro áreas clave: 1) el diseño del SMNG, 2) el estado de salud y las características sociodemográficas de los niños afiliados, 3) el desempeño del SMNG mediante la medición de la cobertura y de procesos clave, 4) los gastos en salud de la familia. La metodología mixta combina enfoques de investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa y la recolección y análisis de datos. La evaluación incluyó la revisión de bases de datos y de expedientes clínicos y la recolección de datos empíricos mediante entrevistas a profundidad con actores clave, una encuesta de hogares en todo el país y cuestionarios a personal de salud. Conclusión. Los resultados sirven como referencia sobre el estado de salud de los niños afiliados al SMNG y de las condiciones actuales del programa; además permiten identificar áreas clave que pueden abordarse para mejorar la calidad, eficiencia y eficacia del SMNG. AbstractObjective. To describe the mixed-method approach to evaluate the Medical Insurance for a New Generation (Seguro Médico para una Nueva Generación, SMNG). Materials and Methods. The program has been comprehensively evaluated. It has four key domains: 1) SMNG design; 2) children's health status and socio-demographic characteristics; 3) performance by measuring coverage, efficiency and productivity; 4) family health expenditure. Quantitative and qualitative research approaches have been used. This included reviews of existing databases and clinical charts, collection of empirical data through in-depth interviews with healthcare providers, and a nation-wide household survey. Conclusion. The results should serve as baseline data of the health status of SMNG children and the current staus of the program. Artículo originAl S12salud pública de méxico / vol. 54, suplemento 1 de 2012Pérez-CuevasR y col.
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