Summary
Cooked sausages were formulated inoculating alginate–pectin microcapsules containing agroindustrial coproducts, cactus pear peel flour or apple marc flour, seeking to enhance the nutritional value of cooked meat products. The microcapsules increased total moisture (from 66 to 75% in average), but water was not being physically retained since higher expressible moisture values in inoculated samples were observed (20% as compared to 15% in control). Inoculated samples presented higher lactic acid bacteria populations, since in addition to the thermotolerant capacity of the bacteria, encapsulation added a protective barrier for the bacteria to survive. Higher lactic acid bacteria counts were reflected in fewer coliforms in inoculated samples (<0.001 log CFU after 15 days of storage), with no detrimental effect on texture. Natural antioxidants present in agroindustrial coproducts decreased the oxidative rancidity of lipids for storage. The results imply that agroindustrial coproducts are a good alternative to formulate symbiotic functional ingredients that can be employed to improve the nutritional properties of nondairy thermal processed food products, like cooked emulsified meat products.
Hybrid gels (HG) were prepared using candelilla wax (CW, 5 g), canola oil (CO, 100 g), and native corn starch (N), in 20:80, 40:60, and 60:40 weight ratio (CW), respectively, and water (W, 45:1 weight ratio with respect to N). In method M1, CW/CO/N were heated (90°C, 15 min) and then mixed with W. N gelatinization was incipient. In method M2, CW/CO and N/W dispersions were heated (90°C, 15 min) by separate, and then mixed. N was completely pre‐gelatinized (P). Starch was mainly dispersed within the oily phase in the HGs made by M1, whereas it was dispersed in water when made by M2. In all HGs, the aqueous phase was dispersed in the oily continuous phase. Higher stability against phase separation was shown by HGs made with P than with N. FTIR analysis showed that CW esters interacted with water molecules providing interfacial stabilization. The HGs rheological properties were modulated by varying P contents.
Practical applications
Hybrid gels are complex multi‐colloidal systems which potentially offer many advantages over other semi‐solid formulations, including greater stability, use as carriers/controlled release systems for bioactives, and as saturated fat replacers in foods. This work provides the basis for formulating stable hybrid gels using GRAS materials (candelilla wax, corn starch, canola oil, and water) and a simple manufacturing procedure, where the physicochemical properties can be modulated by varying the relative amount of pre‐gelatinized starch with respect to the other ingredients in the formulation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.