No abstract

The aim of this study is to describe ureteral perforation as a complication of endourologic procedures; its incidence, risk factors, complications and treatment. Ureteral perforation is an injury that involves the entire thickness of the ureteral wall; whose incidence rate is less than 2%. It is related to the caliber of the equipment, the duration of the intervention, the surgeon's experience, the characteristics and location of the stones and the condition of the ureter prior to the intervention. Late diagnosis or inadequate management may lead to more serious complications such as urinoma, fever, and long-term stricture and obstructive uropathy. The treatment of this complication in the majority of cases consists in Double-Jstenting with a success rate over 80%; when this treatment fails, the following therapeutic options are Percutaneous Nephrostomy and reconstructive surgery.