Systematic review and meta-analysis of literature were conducted examining the effectiveness of the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Investigative Interview Protocol in improving the quality of child forensic interviews. Online databases were searched for journal articles published between the years 2000 and 2013. Measures of interview quality were the type of interviewer utterances and the amount of information provided by children. Five studies met criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Weighted mean of the effect sizes was calculated for each outcome measure. Protocol interviews had more invitations (g = 1.60) and fewer option-posing (g = -.95) and suggestive prompts (g = -.63) than standard interviews. Children interviewed by the protocol provided more central details (g = .90) in response to invitations than controls. Meta-analyses of a subset of preschool children samples revealed that protocol interviews had more invitations (g = 1.46), fewer suggestive prompts (g = -.61), and fewer option-posing prompts (g = -1.05) than controls. Findings corroborate results from previous studies that suggested the benefits of the protocol on the interviewers' performance and on children's informativeness. However, protocol did not show the same performance with regard to preschool children.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisar a literatura científica referente às melhores práticas na entrevista de investigação do abuso sexual infantil. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre as particularidades da memória e das habilidades de comunicação da criança em situação de entrevista investigativa, bem como as diferentes técnicas que permitem aprimorar a qualidade dos relatos infantis e maximizar a quantidade de informações obtidas. Foram pesquisadas as seguintes bases de dados: MedLine, PsychInfo e SciELO, no período de 1995 a 2012, utilizando-se as palavras-chave "sexual abuse", "children", "interview", "investigative"e "forensic".Foram encontradas 196 referências, das quais 34 foram selecionadas para inclusão neste artigo. Foi encontrado grande número de evidências demonstrando a necessidade de procedimentos cuidadosos para avaliar as suspeitas de abuso sexual. Técnicas específicas são descritas, assim como são discutidas as dificuldades frequentemente encontradas pelos entrevistadores.
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