The aim of this work was to study the bioremediating potential of Lentinus crinitus CCIBt2611 according to the physiological condition of the inoculum. Inoculum was prepared using sugarcane ground husk (C:N 90), at several physiological ages and applied in soil contaminated with pentachlorophenol. The inoculum's potential was assessed by evaluating the mycelium's vigor at soil's colonization, determination of peroxidase and phenoloxidase activities, in vitro degradation of Remazol Brilliant Blue R and in vivo degradation of pentachlorophenol. The results showed that the assessed parameters were relevant to identify the quality of the inoculum. For L. crinitus, 10 day old inoculum showed good soil-colonization speed with significant enzymatic activities, indicating the role of Manganese-dependent peroxidase and laccase in degradation, and efficient degradation of pentachlorophenol.

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Tecnologias alternativas como a biossorção e a fitorremediação são eficazes para remoção de metais da água. A fim de comparar essas duas tecnologias, em escala laboratorial, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a retenção mássica dos metais tóxicos Cd e Pb nos tecidos vegetais de duas espécies de macrófitas aquáticas, o Aguapé (Eichhornia sp.) e a Taboa (Typha sp.). Na biossorção a biomassa seca das macrófitas aquáticas Eichhornia sp. e Typha sp. permaneceram em contato com soluções contaminadas com Cd (4 mg L-1) e Pb (4 mg L-1) isolados em intervalos de tempo distintos, até 24 horas. As amostras foram coletadas, filtradas e analisadas por ICP OES. No ensaio de fitorremediação as plantas mães permaneceram em processo de aclimatação em solução nutritiva. Após a aclimatação plantas filhas foram coletadas e acondicionadas em frascos de polietileno com soluções nutritivas contaminadas com as mesmas concentrações de Cd e Pb isoladamente. Ao longo do período de ensaio, alíquotas da solução foram coletadas, filtradas e analisadas no ICP OES. Para verificação da concentração de metais acumulados nos tecidos vegetais, após 21 dias de contato com as soluções contaminadas, as plantas foram retiradas dos frascos, lavadas e secas para realização da digestão Nitro-Perclórica seguida da análise no ICP OES. Para ambos os tratamentos, os ensaios foram em triplicatas e para a análise estatística utilizou-se o ANOVA e o Teste-t, com nível de significância de 5%. Os metais retidos nos tecidos vegetais (q) do Aguapé apresentaram os valores máximos de 18,8 mg g-1 (Cd) e de 8,6 mg g-1 (Pb) e a Taboa de 15,0 mg g-1 (Cd) e 4,6 mg g-1 (Pb) na biossorção. Na fitorremediação a concentração de metais nos tecidos vegetais do Aguapé foi de 3,2 mg g-1 (Cd) e 4,28 mg g-1 (Pb) e de 5,0 mg g-1 (Cd) e 2,3 mg g-1 (Pb) na Taboa. Aparentemente, as biomassas secas apresentam um melhor desempenho na remoção de Cd e Pb.

The aim of this work was to study the bioremediating potential of Lentinus crinitus

Abstract:In 2010, Brazil endorsed a new national policy of solid wastes, which has a very ambitious target to close up all the dumping areas and to manage adequately all the municipal solid waste, disposing in landfills only the refuse of treated municipal solid waste after 2019. Food waste is the largest representative of organic waste produced in Brazilian municipalities, which can produce both fertilizer and biogas through anaerobic digestion (AD) process, reducing in both cases greenhouse gases emissions. AD assays of some samples of restaurant food wastes were performed in batch laboratory, 500 mL reactors for determination of optimized start-up conditions. The tests were conducted in triplicate, using anaerobic sludge from a poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment as inoculum to start up the anaerobic biodigestors. The effect of three different substrates to inoculum mixing ratios 10:90 (S 1 ), 20:80 (S 2 ) and 30:70 (S 3 ) was evaluated. The food waste used as substrate was previously homogenized and submitted to aerobic mechanical mixing for four days before it was fed in the reactors in anaerobic conditions at the mentioned proportions with the inoculum. The reactors were maintained at 35 °C and under mechanical mixing at 60 rpm. The methane production was monitored until its stabilization. Results showed that S 1 presented the best performance during the initial 12 d, when it totalized 526 NmLCH 4 /gVS substrate .