No abstract

Adverse reactions can be documented for all injectable fillers. Time until reaction as well as type of reaction, however, vary between different fillers. Further research is necessary to evaluate potential risk factors.

Adverse reactions seen in the glabella are overwhelmingly product associated and to a lesser extent location associated. Vascular complications with necrosis and ulceration were rare.

Inflammatory nodules due to adverse reactions to permanent fillers containing microparticles with a hydrophobic surface were treated with good results with a regimen of allopurinol and intralesional injections with a mixture of fluorouracil and low-dose triamcinolon.

Summary The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA) is a major component of the extracellular matrix of the skin and plays an important role in the metabolism of the dermis.HA is responsible for hydration,nutrient exchange and protects against free radical damage;via signaling pathways it is also involved in biologic processes like cell differentiation and motility. Native HA has been employed for several years to help the skin to regain elasticity,turgor and moisture. In a clinical study an increase in elasticity and turgor following repeated injections with HA could be demonstrated, but this treatment approach is discussed controversially. An expert conference took place to find a consensus regarding use, aims of treatment, indications and limitations of this therapy. The decisions of the expert meeting are presented in this report.