This work deals with the routing of vehicles for material delivery to assembly lines. In this problem, parts are stored in central depot to be distributed to points of use located along the production line. Production rate in theResumo: Este trabalho trata do problema de roteirização de veículos para o abastecimento de linhas de produção. Nesse problema, peças estão armazenadas em um estoque central e devem ser transferidas para pontos de uso localizados ao longo da linha de produção. O ritmo de fabricação na linha de produção é suposto constante, o que torna periódica a necessidade de reposição das embalagens contendo as peças. Uma frota de rebocadores transporta as embalagens dispostas sobre plataformas com rodas, configurando um comboio. O objetivo do problema é roteirizar a frota de rebocadores, maximizando sua utilização e garantido o atendimento da demanda gerada pela linha de produção. O problema é comum a muitas empresas de manufatura de bens de consumo e possui impacto direto nos custos operacionais. A literatura sobre o tema é escassa e as soluções empregadas na indústria habitualmente se baseiam na experiência prática de operadores ou responsáveis pela movimentação de materiais. Para a solução do problema, é proposta uma heurística baseada em métodos de inserção, aplicada a um caso na indústria automobilística. A comparação entre a solução obtida e aquela formulada por operadores demonstrou ganho no número de rotas.
This work studies the routing of vehicles for material delivery to assembly lines, which consists of a generalization of the classic Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). In this problem, parts are stored in central depot called supermarket and from where they are distributed to points of use placed along the production line. Production rate in the assembly line is considered constant, which means that parts are delivered to points of use periodically. A fleet of tow cars transfers the boxes or containers of parts using wheeled towed carts. The objective of this problem is to route the fleet of the tow cars maximizing their utilization and fulfilling the assembly line demand for parts. This problem is common to several companies and has direct impacts in material handling costs. The theme is poorly explored in routing studies and many companies use operator experience to configure tow cars routes. This work proposes a heuristic based on insertion methods to find a solution for the problem. The heuristic was applied to a real problem and resulted in the reduction of the number of routes when compared to former operator solution.
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