Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder during pregnancy and is associated with psychosocial and clinical obstetric factors. Despite being an important public health issue, there are few studies about this issue in Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out, involving 331 pregnant women attending a public primary health service over a one-year period in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil. Participants were interviewed about their socio-demographic status, obstetric/medical conditions, life events and violence during pregnancy. Depression was assessed using the Composite International Development Interview. The prevalence of depression during pregnancy was 14.2% (95%CI: 10.7-18.5) and associated factors included: previous history of depression and any psychiatric treatment, unplanned pregnancy, serious physical illness and casual jobs. These data emphasize the need for screening for depression and its risk factors during pregnancy in settings where care is available. Psychosocial interventions and social policies need to be devised for this population.

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ResumoContexto: A depressão é um transtorno psiquiátrico comum entre as adolescentes grávidas e está associada a diversos fatores de risco. Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência da depressão em adolescentes grávidas e identificar os principais fatores de risco. Métodos: Dados seccionais foram coletados de 120 gestantes adolescentes atendidas em uma unidade básica de saúde do Rio de Janeiro. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), para diagnosticar a depressão; a escala Stressful Life Events, para avaliar a presença de eventos estressantes; o Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS), para o rastreamento de violência contra a mulher durante a gestação. Resultados: A prevalência de depressão gestacional foi de 14,2% (IC: 8,7-21,9), sendo os principais fatores associados: história anterior de depressão, sangramento anômalo e hospitalização na atual gravidez, história de acidente, incêndio ou catástrofe e maus-tratos durante a vida. Conclusões: Os resultados reforçam que a investigação dos fatores de risco, o diagnóstico e o tratamento da depressão devem ser parte integrante do atendimento pré-natal a adolescentes grávidas.Pereira PK, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2010;37(5):216-22 Palavras-chave: Depressão, gravidez na adolescência, estudos transversais, prevalência, fatores de risco. AbstractBackground: Depression is a common psychiatric disorder among pregnant adolescents and it is associated with several risk factors. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression in pregnant adolescents. Methods: Sectional data were collected among 120 pregnant adolescents attending in a basic health unit in Rio de Janeiro. The following research instruments were used: the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to diagnose depression, the Stressful Life Events to assess stressful life events, the Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) to screening violence against woman during pregnancy. Results: The prevalence of gestational depression was 14.2% (CI 95% 8.7-21.9) and associated factors were: history of depression before pregnancy, bleeding and hospitalization during pregnancy, history of accidents and catastrophes, and emotional or physical abuse during their life. Discussion: These results suggest that screening of risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of depression should be provided in the antenatal care of pregnant adolescents.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze if the unconventional monetary policy, known as quantitative easing (QE) practiced by central banks in the USA, the UK, and Japan was effective to increase the market share after subprime crisis. Design/methodology/approach In order to analyze the effect of the QE on the stock markets of the USA, the UK, and Japan, the authors use an ARDL model to find the long-run relationship among the variables. Findings The findings denote that the QE implemented by the central banks in the USA, Japan, and the UK had a positive impact on their stock markets. Originality/value The results of the paper give some new insights about the conduction of monetary policy when the interest rates are close to zero.

Cad. Saúde Colet., 2012, Rio de Janeiro, 20 (4): 482-91 482 Artigo OriginalResumo O objetivo do presente artigo foi realizar uma análise epidemiológica das internações psiquiátricas do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados das internações por transtornos mentais e comportamentais foram coletados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH-SUS) no período de 1999 a 2010. A grande maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino na faixa etária de 30 a 49 anos e os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram: esquizofrenia, transtornos devido ao uso de álcool e transtornos do humor. Foi observado que o número de internações por transtornos mentais apresentou queda de 70% ao longo do período estudado. As internações por transtornos mentais corresponderam a cerca de 10% do total de hospitalizações ocorridas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, representando o segundo maior gasto com internações e perdendo apenas para as doenças do aparelho circulatório. Dessa forma, o presente artigo reforça que a utilização dos SIS em pesquisas na área da saúde mental pode ser útil não só para prover dados secundários de transtornos mentais, como também para avaliar a efetividade das políticas públicas implementadas e planejar novas ações de saúde.Palavras-chave: transtornos mentais; hospitalização; unidades de internação; sistemas de informação; Sistema Único de Saúde. AbstractThe aim of this study was to carry out an epidemiological analysis of the psychiatric hospitalizations in the Unified Health System (SUS) in Rio de Janeiro State. Data of hospitalization for mental and behavioral disorders were collected from the Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS) between 1999 and 2010. The majority of the patients was male, from 30 to 49 years old and the most frequent diagnosis were schizophrenia, alcohol use and mood disorders. We observed the number of hospitalizations for mental disorders decreased 70% in the studied period. The hospitalizations for mental disorders accounted for about 10% of all hospitalizations in the state of Rio de Janeiro, representing the second highest expending, after cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this article reinforces that the SIH-SUS may be useful in mental health research area not only for providing secondary data of mental disorders, but also to evaluate the effectiveness of public policies implemented, as well to plan new health actions.