Na variável número de grãos por vagem, os resultados dos tratamentos, usando como fonte a ureia, foram maiores, porém, não significativos. A média atingida foi de 7,10 grãos por vagem, com dados variando de 6,5 a 7,8 grãos.Tabela 2 -Médias para as variáveis altura de planta (ALT.), diâmetro da haste (DIA.), número de vagens por planta (NVP), número de grãos por vagem (NGV), massa de 100 grãos (MCG) e produtividade (PROD.), em função da aplicação de N em cobertura.Tratamento ALT. DIA. NVP NGV MCG PROD.50 kg ha-1 44,13 * Diferença significativa pelo teste de Dunnett ao nível de 5% de probabilidade (bilateral). Tratamento 1: 50 kg ha -1 de N a base de ureia; Tratamento 2: 100 kg ha -1 de N a base de ureia; Tratamento 3: 150 kg ha -1 de N a base de ureia; Tratamento 4: 50 kg ha -1 de N a base de sulfato de amônio; Tratamento 5: 100 kg ha -1 de N a base de sulfato de amônio; Tratamento 6: 150 kg ha -1 de N a base de sulfato de amônio; Tratamento 7: testemunha.
The success of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) breeding programs depends on the choice of productive parent lines that have a high industrial yield and are genetically divergent. This study assessed the genetic divergence and population structure of sugarcane accessions that are the parents of the RB05 Series of the Sugarcane Breeding Program of Brazil. The DNA of 82 accessions was evaluated using 36 simple sequence repeat markers. The Jaccard similarity coefficient and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean clustering method were used to generate a cluster that was divided into 17 distinct groups derived from probabilistic models. The similarity coefficient used in both cases showed that the degree of similarity varied from 0.4716 (RB971551 x RB965586) to 0.9526 (RB936001 x SP89-1115), with a mean of 0.8536. This result demonstrates a high similarity between the 82 accessions and confirms Wright’s F statistic (0.125), which indicates moderate genetic variability. The less-similar crosses suggest that breeders seek a higher number of crosses using cultivar RB965586, highlighting the RB971551 x RB965586 and RB965586 x RB855511 crosses. The results demonstrate that crosses such as RB936001 x SP89-1115 and RB945954 x RB896342 should be avoided because of their high genetic similarity.
O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar qual a dose mais efetiva no combate as pragas da cigarrinha-da-cana-de-açúcar (Mahanarva fimbrolata) e gorgula-da-cana (Sphenophorus levis Vaurie) na cultura da cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi conduzido em um delineamento em blocos casualizado, com seis tratamentos, T7, controle (sem aplicação), e o produto biológico com diferentes doses e métodos de aplicação, sendo eles: T1, B. bassiana EC 1.0 L de p.c/ha; T2, B. bassiana EC 1.5 L de p.c/ha; T3, B. bassiana EC 2.0 L de p.c/ha; T4, B. bassiana WP 600 g de conídios/ha; T5, B. bassiana WP 800 g de conídios/ha; T6 B. bassiana WP 1000 g de conídios/ha, onde foi avaliado o número de cigarrinhas por metro. e quatro repetições. o método de controle com B. Bassiana WP 600 e B. Bassiana EC 1.0, o que coincide com dosagens comumente utilizadas no mercado. Os produtos biológicos são eficientes no controle de cigarrinha-da-cana e se, aplicados de maneira correta, seguindo as indicações do fabricante, o controle será eficaz.
Most sugarcane breeding programs tend to evaluate low heritability characteristics during the initial stages of genotype selection. Thus, family selection has been recently preferred. In this context, the aim of the present study was to select the best family among 78 sugarcane families, as well as estimate genetic values through the mixed models of restricted-maximum likelihood and best non-bias predictor (REML/BLUP) methodology, originating from the República Brasil 2005 (RB05) series. This strategy was deemed efficient, and 34 to 38 families were chosen from four evaluated characteristics underexplored by genetic researchers such as total plot mass (MTT), mean mass of one tiller in the plot (M1C), stature (EST), and mean number of canes per square meter (NCM). The family increments ranging from 6.02 to 82.11%, in the next genetic culture improvement program selection phases.
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