We present a bioinspired late-stage C–H oxidation
of the ent-trachylobane natural product mitrephorone
B to mitrephorone
A. The realization of this unprecedented transformation was accomplished
by either an iron-catalyzed or electrochemical oxidation and enabled
access to the densely substituted oxetane in one step. Formation of
mitrephorone C, which is lacking the central oxetane unit but features
a keto-function at C2, was not formed under these conditions.
Despite
the many methods available for the synthesis of furans,
few methods remain that allow for the custom-made assembly of fully
substituted furans. Here we report a powerful protocol to rapidly
construct tetrasubstituted, orthogonally functionalized furans under
mild reaction conditions. The developed method involves the regioselective
ring-opening of readily available 2,5-dihydrothiophenes followed by
an oxidative cyclization to provide the heterocycle. The selective
oxidation at sulfur is promoted by
N
-chlorosuccinimide
as an inexpensive reagent and proceeds at ambient temperature in high
yield within 30 min. The obtained furans serve as exceptionally versatile
intermediates and were shown to participate in a series of valuable
postmodifications. The fate of the initial sulfonium intermediate
was investigated by mechanistic experiments, and computational studies
revealed the existence of an unprecedented Pummerer-type rearrangement.
The potential for organic synthesis is highlighted by the total synthesis
of bisabolene sesquiterpenoids (pleurotins A, B, and D).
We present a modular, synthetic entry to polysubstituted pyrroles employing readily available 2,5-dihydrothiophenes. Ring-opening of the heterocycle provides access to a panel of 1,3-dienes which undergo pyrrole formation in the presence of inexpensive chloramine-T trihydrate. The transformation is conducted in an open flask and proceeds at ambient temperatures (23 °C) in nondry solvents. A careful adjustment of the electronics and sterics of the 1,3-diene precursor allows for the isolation of key intermediates. DFT studies identified a reaction mechanism that features a 6π-electrocyclization of a sulfilimine intermediate followed by spontaneous ring-contraction to reveal the pyrrole skeleton.
We
report our studies on the development of a catalytic cycloisomerization
of 2,2-disubstituted neopentylic epoxides to produce highly substituted
tetralins and chromanes. Termination of the sequence occurs via Friedel–Crafts-type
alkylation of the remote (hetero)arene linker. The transformation
is efficiently promoted by sulfuric acid and proceeds best in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol
(HFIP) as the solvent. Variation of the substitution pattern provided
detailed insights into the migration tendencies and revealed a competing
disproportionation pathway of dihydronaphthalenes.
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