The objective of this study was to determine the leaching of Ba, Si, and Sr from four dental composites: Restolux (RX), Micronew (M), Renew (RW), and Choice (C) and to correlate the effects of such leaching with flexure strength and modulus of elasticity. The specimens were 3 x 3 x 25-mm bars, polished with 120- and 240-grit SiC paper, and were aged for 4, 6, and 8 months in artificial saliva, distilled water, and a 50/50 mixture of ethanol and distilled water. Inductively coupled plasma with mass spectroscopy (ICP/MS) was used to determine the ion concentrations after aging. The greatest release of Ba and Sr occurred after aging in 50/50 volume fraction mixture of ethanol/water and for Si in artificial saliva. The 50/50 solution caused a breakdown of the resin and glass matrix, resulting in an increase of Ba and Sr, whereas aging in artificial saliva resulted in an ion charge balance, which allowed an elevated and continuous release of Si. The flexure strength and the elastic modulus showed a gradual decrease over time, with the greatest decreases occurring following aging in the 50/50 water/ethanol solution, but little correlation with the leaching of the filler ions.
The results confirm the original hypothesis that differences in adhesive systems are manifested in less aggressive etches and less adhesive left on the enamel surface for the self-etching adhesive systems.
Background High-translucency monolithic zirconia were developed to combine the esthetics of all ceramic restorations with the strength properties of zirconia. The purpose of this study was to compare the color stability of high-translucency monolithic zirconia ceramics with lithium disilicate luted using light-cure versus dual-cure resin cements following thermocyclic aging. Methods Forty specimens, each composed of 10 × 10 × 1 mm ceramic slice luted to dentin surface of an extracted tooth, were prepared and assigned into four groups (n = 10) as follows; LiDi/LC: lithium disilicate luted by light-cure resin cement; LiDi/DC: lithium disilicate luted by dual-cure resin cement; Zr/LC: zirconia luted by light-cure resin cement; and Zr/DC: zirconia luted by dual-cure resin cement. Color analysis of the specimens was performed before and after 3000 thermal cycles by means of spectrophotometry. The CIE L*a*b* values of the specimens were measured, and data were analyzed statistically at a significance value of p < 0.05. Results Thermocycling resulted in a significant change in color coordinates of specimens with an overall ΔE = 3.59 ± 1.60, but there was no statistically significant difference in the color change value among all tested groups (P = 0.756). Conclusions At 1 mm restoration thickness, the color stability of high-translucency monolithic lithium disilicate and zirconia ceramics were not significantly different irrespective of the cement type used. Clinical implication Understanding the difference in color stability of dental ceramics may help in determining long-term esthetic result.
Objective: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength of four dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufactured (CAD/CAM) ceramics after application of four different surface treatments. Materials and methods: Four dental CAD/CAM ceramics were tested: feldspathic ceramic (VITABLOCKS-Mark II), polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (VITA ENAMIC), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (VITA SUPRINITY), and yttria-stabilized zirconia (VITA YZ T). Four surface treatments were applied: no treatment, 5% hydrofluoric acid-etching, airborne particle abrasion, and tribochemical silica coating. The ceramic blocks were repaired with nanohybrid composite (Tetric N-Collection). Sixteen test groups of 12 specimens were prepared. After thermocycling, microtensile bond testing was performed. The microtensile strengths values were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test. Results: Repaired feldspathic and resin polymer-infiltrated ceramic network ceramics demonstrated superior microtensile bond strengths compared to zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate and yttria-stabilized zirconia. Etched feldspathic and polymerinfiltrated ceramic network ceramics had higher bond strength than the untreated groups. Surface treatments did not affect the bond strength of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate and yttria-stabilized zirconia with the exception of etching, which reduced the bond strength of yttria-stabilized zirconia. Conclusion: Feldspathic ceramic and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network were repaired with dental composite after surface etching with hydrofluoric acid. Repair of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate and yttria-stabilized zirconia did not demonstrate promising results. Clinical significance: Repair of feldspathic ceramic and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network restorations may be a cost-effective means to promote the longevity of dental restorations. However, zirconia and zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate restorations do not offer such an option.
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