The clinical entity of cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by the most prevalent genus of the flatworm species, Echinococcus granulosus (EG), has a global distribution that impacts children causing significant morbidity and mortality. Childhood echinococcosis manifests distinct clinical patterns of disease that require unique management interventions despite its overlap in imaging features with that of adults. Abdominal hydatidosis in children, as in adults, demonstrates a predilection for the liver even though the lungs are the most commonly affected organ in children. Treatment is almost always surgical in children and the procedure of choice is determined by imaging findings. Clinical evaluation and serological tests are fraught with difficulties hence a reliance on radiological investigation for accurate diagnosis, cyst characterization, detection of multiplicity of disease and the early diagnosis of complications. Appropriate radiation safe imaging and up to date management regimes are addressed in this review.

Introduction: A vallecular cyst is a rare and a benign entity which is readily diagnosed in newborns and in early childhood and is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The symptoms of a vallecular cyst include but not limited to failure to thrive, voice changes, feeding difficulties, stridor and shortness of breath while in adults the symptoms are commonly mild and the vallecular cyst in the latter tends to be diagnosed as an incidental finding. As early as the prenatal period, vallecular cysts can be diagnosed by using either ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, MRI scan proves superior and is highly recommended to diagnose and to obtain thorough information regarding the relationship of the cyst to the surrounding anatomical structures and that influences the patient's treatment greatly. Case Report: We report a case of a seven-year-old boy referred from the peripheral hospital presented with snoring kind of breathing since six months ago. The patient had a difficulty in breathing when sleeping. The patient was able to take meals without any difficulty. No past medical history reported. On examination the oro-pharyngeal mass was noted. Blood pressure 105/57 mmHg, pulse 105 /minute, temperature 36.5°C, weight 13 kg, height 114 cm. The patient had normal developmental milestones. On laryngoscope, a cystic mass in the vallecular region measuring 2.4×2.7 cm and the mass was attached to the base of the tongue, pharyngeal wall and the lingual surface of the epiglottis. The diagnosis on left side vallecular cyst was made on clinical and radiological findings. The cyst was treated by marsupialization and the specimen was sent to the laboratory which confirmed a diagnosis of a vallecular cyst. There was no recurrence of a cyst on our patient's follow-up. Conclusion: A vallecular cyst shows some typical imaging findings on computed tomography scan and on magnetic resonance imaging scan and a multi-disciplinary approach helps to secure the diagnosis.

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Liver abscess is a global disease, although it occurs more commonly in areas with poor socioeconomic circumstances. The majority of liver abscesses are pyogenic in nature, but amebiasis is a common cause in areas where the parasite is endemic and sanitation is underdeveloped. This article reviews pyogenic and amebic liver abscesses with special focus on the role of imaging in both diagnosis and management. The epidemiology, pathology, and clinical presentation are also discussed.