Introducción. T. cruzi I y T. cruzi II son grupos genéticamente diferentes y se cree que dicha variabilidad es determinante del tropismo tisular en el hospedero vertebrado y responsable de las diversas manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad de Chagas. Objetivo. Caracterizar biológica y genéticamente dos clones colombianos de los grupos T. cruzi I y II en el modelo murino. Materiales y métodos. Las cepas CAS15 y AF1 pertenecientes a los grupos T. cruzi I y II fueron clonadas en medio semisólido. Un clon de cada una de ellas y una mezcla de ambos se utilizaron para infectar ratones, los cuales se sacrificaron a diferentes tiempos post-infección. Para analizar la presencia del parásito en sangre y diferentes órganos, se utilizaron el microhematocrito y la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con los marcadores de la secuencia satélite del ADN nuclear y con el espaciador intergénico del gen mini-exón. Resultados. El clon T. cruzi I fue más infectivo, observándose un tropismo preferencial por corazón, recto y músculo esquelético, mientras que el clon T. cruzi II presentó un tropismo preferencial por bazo e hígado. Durante la infección con la mezcla de los clones, se observó que el clon T. cruzi I predominó sobre el T. cruzi II tanto en sangre como en órganos. Conclusiones. Los resultados confirman que las diferencias genéticas entre los grupos de T. cruzi podrían estar determinando el tropismo tisular y de esta manera jugar un papel fundamental en el entendimiento de las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad de Chagas en Colombia.Palabras claves: Trypanosoma cruzi, enfermedad de Chagas, variación (Genética), tropismo. Biological and genetic characterization of two Colombian clones of Trypanosoma cruzi groups I and IIIntroduction. Genetic differences between T. cruzi I and T. cruzi II may determine differences in their tissue tropism in the vertebrate host and may also be responsible for the differences in clinical manifestations of Chagas disease. Objective. Two Colombian clones of the T. cruzi groups I and II were characterized biologically and genetically in a murine model. Materials and methods. Strains Cas15 and AF1 belonging to the T. cruzi groups I and II were cloned in semisolid medium. A clone of each strain and a mix of both were used to infect mice; the mice were subsequently sacrificed at selected post-infection intervals. In order to identify the parasite presence in blood and organs, two methods were used (a) microhematocrit and (b) polymerase chain reaction with primers for satellite DNA and the intergenic region of miniexon. Results. The T. cruzi I clone was more infectious, with a preferential tropism observed in heart, rectum and skeletal muscle, whereas clone T. cruzi II exhibited a preferential tropism for spleen and liver. During the infection with the clone mixture a predominance of the T. cruzi I clone over clone II in blood as well as in organs was observed. Conclusion. The results corroborate that the genetic differences between the T. cruzi groups correlate with their tissue tropism, an...
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