3 Autor para la correspondencia: jmendoza@ecosur.mx RESUMEN Los petenes son islas naturales de vegetación, únicos en su tipo a nivel mundial, restringidos a la Península de Yucatán, México, los Everglades en Florida, Estados Unidos de América, y la Ciénaga de Zapata, Cuba. En México, este ecosistema ha estado sujeto a perturbación antrópica, principalmente debido a la extracción de madera, la fragmentación, incendios, extracción de flora y fauna, y la expansión de asentamientos humanos. No obstante su importancia ecológica, existen pocos estudios acerca de su estado actual. En el presente trabajo se analizó el efecto de la intervención humana sobre la vegetación y las propiedades del suelo en petenes de la Reserva de la Biosfera Los Petenes, Campeche, comparando tres petenes perturbados y tres conservados. Los conservados tuvieron menor densidad de plantas (ind/ha) en todos los estratos, menor cobertura vegetal (en los estratos en que se midió; medio e inferior) (m 2 /ha), y mayor área basal (medida sólo en el estrato superior) (m 2 /ha). Los suelos no difirieron entre las dos clases de petenes, lo que indica que las actividades antrópicas no han causado un impacto negativo en ellos.Palabras clave: características del suelo, estratos de vegetación, islas de vegetación, petenes conservados, petenes perturbados. ABSTRACTPetenes (hammock ecosystems) are island-like natural spots of vegetation, unique worldwide, restricted to the Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico, the Everglades in Florida, United Acta Botanica Mexicana 110: 89-103 (2015) 90 States of America, and the Ciénaga de Zapata, Cuba. In Mexico, this ecosystem has been subject to anthropogenic disturbance, mainly due to wood extraction, land fragmentation, fires, flora and fauna extraction, and the expansion of human settlements. Notwithstanding its ecological importance, there are few studies concerning its current status. In the present work the effect of human intervention upon the vegetation and soil properties in petenes of the Petenes Biosphere Reserve, Campeche was analysed, comparing three disturbed and three conserved petenes. The conserved petenes had lower plant density (ind/ha) in all vegetation layers, lower plant cover (in the measured layers: medium and lower) (m 2 /ha), and higher basal area (measured only in the superior layer) (m 2 /ha). Soils did not differ between the two classes of petenes, which suggests that the antropic activities have not caused a negative impact on them.
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