Citation practice provides justification for arguments and allows a writer to indicate a rhetorical gap for her/his research and adopt a tone of authority. Claims must be supported with evidence, and writers must demonstrate an understanding of approaches and knowledge in their fields of specialisation, in order to persuade the examiners that the thesis is worthy of the award of a doctorate (Thompson, 2005b). Candidates need to keep the adequate interpersonal relationship with the immediate audience (the examiners). They have to evaluate the previous research in an area of study and to be respectful with previous claims from authorities in the disciplines. They also need to position themselves in relation to other disciplinary members and highlight their individual claims. This paper investigates contrastively how interactional resources of citation and, in particular reporting verbs, are deployed in the literature review chapters of PhD theses written in English and in Spanish. KEYWORDS:Citation practice, reporting verbs, academic writing, PhD theses, evaluation, stance, variation, cross-language study RESUMEN El uso de citas y referencias proporciona una justificación para la argumentación y permite al académico identificar un hueco o espacio retórico donde situar su investigación y adoptar cierto tono de autoridad. Las hipótesis o afirmaciones científicas deben apoyarse en evidencias, y los investigadores deben demostrar un buen conocimiento de los enfoques de su campo de especialización, para así persuadir a los miembros del tribunal examinador de la tesis de que ésta es digna de merecer el doctorado (Thompson, 2005b). Los doctorandos necesitan mantener una relación interpersonal apropiada con su audiencia (el tribunal examinador). Asimismo, necesitan evaluar la literatura de su área de estudio y ser respetuosos con las afirmaciones sobre investigaciones previas de autoridades de la disciplina. Necesitan adoptar una postura ante los miembros de la comunidad científica a la vez que enfatizan sus propias afirmaciones. En este trabajo se lleva a cabo un estudio contrastivo sobre el uso de las citas como recursos interactivos y, en particular, el uso de los verbos introductorios en los capítulos que tratan la revisión de la literatura en tesis doctorales en inglés y en español.
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