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Clamping force control is one of the key technologies in the algorithm design and implementation of electro-mechanical braking system, whose control effects directly affect the vehicle braking performance and safety performance. In order to improve the clamping force control performance of electro-mechanical braking (EMB) system, an EMB clamping force control method based on Variable universe adaptive fuzzy PID (VUF-PID) controller is proposed, and stretching factors are added to the fuzzy PID control. According to the operation of the controlled object, the fuzzy theory domain can be adjusted in real time to keep the system in the proper parameter value and improve the adaptive ability of the system. The response characteristics and effectiveness of clamping force under step braking condition, gear switching braking condition and sine braking condition are verified by simulation experiments using MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the proposed VUF-PID control method has strong tracking characteristics and stability characteristics, and meet the braking requirements under different braking conditions.

We have studied how to introduce superconducting power cables effectively and economically to a DC electric railway. Numerical analysis models were constructed, and the energy saving by the superconducting power cable was investigated with the influences of the number of substations, the train operation interval, the energy storage, etc. also taken into account. The results show that the superconducting power cables can improve regenerative energy and system energy saving, and reduce the substation capacity.

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