Floating breakwaters Structure performance Literature review Wave transmission Mooring loads 20. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse side II necessary and Identify by block number) A multitude of conceptual models of floating breakwaters have been proposed without extensive or complete evaluation of most of these concepts. The technical literature regarding floating breakwater applicability and design procedures is fragmentary and sometimes confusing. Clear, concise guidance does not always exist for those responsible for planning and developing wave protection measures which utilize floating breakwaters. This study reviewed (continued) DD^EDITION OF 1 NOV 65 IS OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Data Bnt UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGEOVhen Date Entered) PREFACE This report is published to provide coastal engineers an evaluation of the existing technical literature (theoretical, field, and laboratory) on floating breakwater concepts. The work was carried out by the Hydraulics Laboratory of the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES) under the coastal structures research program (Design of Floating Breakwaters work unit) of the U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC). The Design of Floating Breakwaters work unit was created because of the strong interest of field personnel in research on floating breakwaters. The Directorate of Research and Development (DRD) of the Office, Chief of Engineers (OCE) requested that guidance on this research be made available to the field offices as soon as possible. Improvements in the state-of-the-art of floating breakwaters are continual, thus some parts of this report may have become outdated prior to final publication.

Integrated coastal systems are designed, constructed, and maintained to achieve navigation, storm damage reduction, and ecosystem restoration objectives. This report develops a generally applicable method to quantify the resilience of integrated coastal systems to disturbances such as coastal storms. In general, resilience is an ambiguous term that can mean different things in different contexts. This report emphasizes engineering resilience, which is the propensity of a system to resist functional impairments as a result of a disturbance and to recover a pre-disturbance level of functional performance following a disturbance. This report describes how this property of integrated coastal systems can be quantified in probabilistic terms, and how the resilience of a system can evolve over time in response to gradual changes in boundary conditions that occur over time scales that are much longer than the disturbance of interest, such as gradual changes in mean sea level. Coastal system processes that are influenced by sea level rise and may affect the resilience of integrated coastal systems are identified. The advantages and disadvantages of probabilistic and non-probabilistic indicators of resilience are discussed.

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