The seriousness of the risk that healthcare workers faced during SARS, and their response of service in the face of this risk, brings to light unrealistic assumptions about duty and risk that informed the debate on duty to care in the early years of HIV/AIDS. Duty to care is not based upon particular virtues of the health professions, but arises from social reflection on what response to an epidemic would be consistent with our values and our needs, recognizing our shared vulnerability to disease and death. Such reflection underwrites a strong duty of care, but one not to be borne solely by the altruism and heroism of individual healthcare workers.

Some ethicists assert that there is a consensus that maximising medical outcomes takes precedence as a principle of resource allocation in emergency triage of absolutely scarce resources. But the nature of the current severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 pandemic and the history of debate about balancing equity and efficiency in resource allocation do not support this assertion. I distinguish a number of concerns with justice and balancing considerations that should play a role in critical care triage policy, focusing on discrimination and on fundamental egalitarian and social justice concerns.

Oxygen is a life-saving therapy but, when given inappropriately, may also be hazardous. Therefore, in the acute medical setting, oxygen should only be given as treatment for hypoxaemia and requires appropriate prescription, monitoring and review. This update to the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand (TSANZ) guidance on acute oxygen therapy is a brief and practical resource for all healthcare workers involved with administering oxygen therapy to adults in the acute medical setting. It does not apply to intubated or paediatric patients. Recommendations are made in the following six clinical areas: assessment of hypoxaemia (including use of arterial blood gases); prescription of oxygen; peripheral oxygen saturation targets; delivery, including non-invasive ventilation and humidified high-flow nasal cannulae; the significance of high oxygen requirements; and acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. There are three sections which provide (1) a brief summary, (2) recommendations in detail with practice points and (3) a detailed explanation of the reasoning and evidence behind the recommendations. It is anticipated that these recommendations will be disseminated widely in structured programmes across Australia and New Zealand. K E Y W O R D S acute oxygen therapy, oxygen prescription, position statement, target oxygen saturations, titrated oxygen This document has been endorsed by the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand Board on 18 February 2022. It is due for review in 2027. The authors are listed in alphabetical order.

This study investigated best practices in New Zealand secondary school career education and guidance programmes. Schools considered to use best practices were identified by nominations from professional associations and from Careers New Zealand. A total of 20 nominated schools agreed to be included in the study and the career advisers of these schools were interviewed. Seven themes emerged from the interviews. These themes suggest career education and guidance programmes that are worthy of emulation by other schools, but the need to consider unique school and community characteristics in the design and implementation of career education and guidance is essential

The career stories of 22 Māori in this study expressed the dynamic cultural contexts in which career processes have been enacted. A new typology of cultural career identities was developed focusing on diversity among Māori on issues pertaining to what being Māori means to them and the subsequent influence on participants' career stories. The three types presented in this study provide a template from which to begin discussions on the intersection between culture and career.Résumé. Regarder dans le passé pour envisager l'avenir: les valeurs culturelles Maori et l'impact sur la carrière. Les histoires de carrière de 22 Maoris dans cette étude manifestent les contextes culturels dynamiques dans lesquels les processus de carrière jouent un rôle. Une nouvelle typologie des identités culturelles de carrière a été développée en se concentrant sur la diversité parmi les Maoris sur les questions relatives à ce qu'être Maoris signifie pour eux et l'influence ultérieure sur les histoires de carrière des participants. La typologie présentée dans cette étude fournit un modèle à partir duquel commencer les discussions sur l'intersection entre la culture et la carrière.Zusammenfassung. Zurü ck blicken, um nach vorne zu schauen: Kulturelle Werte der Maori und die Auswirkungen auf die Laufbahn. Die LaufbahnGeschichten von 22 Māori in dieser Studie zeigen den dynamischen kulturellen Kontext, in denen berufliche Prozesse gelebt worden sind. Eine neue Typologie von kulturellen beruflichen Identitäten wurde entwickelt, die sich auf die Diversität unter Māori fokussiert im Bezug darauf, was es für sie bedeutet, Māori zu sein sowie betreffend deren resultierendem Einfluss auf die Laufbahn-Geschichten der Studienteilnehmer. Die Typologie, die in dieser Studie präsentierten wird, bietet eine Vorlage, von der aus Diskussionen über die Ü berlappung zwischen Kultur und Laufbahn beginnen können.Resumen. Mirando atrás para mirar hacia adelante: Valores culturales de los Maoríes y su impacto sobre la carrera profesional. Las trayectorias o historias profesionales de 22 Maoríes que participaron en este estudio pusieron de manifiesto los contextos culturales dinámicos en los que se han llevado a cabo los procesos de la carrera. Se desarrolló una nueva tipología de identidades profesionales culturales centrándose en la diversidad existente entre Maoríes en relación a lo que significa para ellos ser Maorí y cómo influye esto en sus historias / trayectorias profesionales. Esta tipología presentada en este estudio proporciona un modelo a partir del cual se puede debatir sobre la intersección entre cultura y carrera.