LYNN M. DULYEA, THOMAS M. FYLES, and DENNIS M. WHITFIELD. Can. J. Chem. 62, 498 (1984). The extraction and transport of alkaline earth cations from a basic to an acidic solution across an artificial membrane by crown ether carboxylic acids are reported. Monocarboxylate carriers achieve the transport via 2: 1 complexes or by ternary complexes in the presence of readily extractible anions, while dicarboxylate carriers transport cations as I : I complexes. Both types of carrier exhibit two regimes of kinetic behaviour depending on the relative concentrations of the carrier and the metal ion: a zero order regime in which the rate depends only on the carrier concentration, and a reversible consecutive first order regime in which the rate depends only on the metal ion concentration. In the former, the rate of adsorption of the carrier on the interface is presumed to be rate limiting while in the latter, the diffusion of metal ion to the interface is rate limiting. Carrier structure exerts a general influence over both the rate and selectivity of transport but this influence varies with the kinetic regime considered.LYNN M. DULYEA, THOMAS M. FYLES et DENNIS M: WHITFIELD. Can. J . Chem. 62, 498 (1984). On rapporte des extractions et des transports de cations d'alcalino-terreux de solutions basiques vers des solutions acides a travers une membrane artificielle effectuts par des Cthers couronnes d'acides carboxyliques. Les transporteurs monocarboxylCs permettent d'effectuer les transferts via des complexes 2: 1 ou par le biais de complexes ternaires en presence d'anions qui peuvent &tre extraits facilement; par ailleurs, les transporteurs dicarboxylts effectuent le transport des cations sous forme de complexes I : I . Les deux types de transporteurs presentent deux rtgimes de comportement cinCtique diffkrents suivant les concentrations relatives de transporteur et d'ion mCtallique: un rCgimc d'ordre zCro dans lequel la vitesse dtpend uniquement de la concentration de transporteur et un regime du premier ordre constcutif et rCversible dans lequel la vitesse dCpend uniquement de la concentration de l'ion mttallique. Dans le premier rCgime, on suppose que la vitesse d'adsorption du transporteur a I'interfacc est I'Ctape dkterminante alors que dans le dernier regime, la diffusion de l'ion mCtallique a I'interface serait I'ttape dtterminante. La structure du transporteur exerce une influence gCntrale i la fois sur la vitesse et sur la sClectivit6 du transport mais cette influence varie avec le regime cinCtique considtrC.[Traduit par le journal]
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