Elkind and Bowen's (1979) investigation of adolescent egocentrism was replicated, and the relation between the imaginary audience and operational thought was tested. Children and adolescents (JV = 142) ranging in age from 11 to 18 years were administered a Piagetian-based written test of operational thought and the Imaginary Audience Scale (IAS). Several of Elkind and Bowen's results were replicated; however, the present study did not support the hypothesis that imaginary audience scores would be highest among subjects whose formal operational abilities were beginning to be established. In this article we discuss the nature of the measure of operational thought, the qualitative differences between the transient and abiding self subscales of the IAS, and the relation between adolescent egocentrism and formal operations.

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Introduction The use of personalised care planning has been effective at improving health outcomes for people with long-term health conditions. Methods We analysed data in relation to changes in BMI/HbA1c. The sample was made up of ( n = 36) participants randomised to either the active intervention group (App+usual care) or the control group (usual care). Results: The average HbA1c percentage change for the treatment group was 9.5%, but just −2% for the control (usual care) group ( P = 0.015 for the difference). The average percentage change in BMI for the treatment group was −0.4%, but 0.1% for the control group ( P = 0.03 for the difference). Conclusion These preliminary findings point to how the provision of personalised plans of care, support and education linked to a mobile app, can result in HbA1c and BMI reduction over a 6-month period. While the results are preliminary, they portend the potential for digital plans of care to enhance T2DM management.

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