The aim of this research was to assess lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidative defense (AOD) changes in adolescent boys with obesity using the integral index. Materials and Methods: We examined 19 adolescent boys with obesity of the first degree (the study group). The control group included 23 healthy adolescent boys. The study included the collection of anamnestic data, physical examination, and anthropometric data analysis (body weight (BW), height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and body mass index (BMI)). Laboratory analysis included an assessment of the blood levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and glucose, as well as the intensity of LPO and AOD in blood plasma and primary and secondary products of LPO. To measure the intensity of OS, the oxidative stress index (OSi) was calculated (the ratio of the LPO-AOD system indicators in the study group to average indicators in the control group). Results: We found a statistically significant increase in BW, BMI, SDS BMI, WC, and HC in the study group compared to the control group. The obese patients had higher values of blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL compared to the control group. In the study group, we found a significant decrease in the concentration of diene conjugates and an increase in the level of ketodienes and conjugated trienes. The values of α-tocopherol and retinol, and SOD activity were significantly decreased in the study group compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant changes in total antioxidant activity and glutathione status components. According to the data received, the OSi level in the group of obese patients increased approximately 7 times, which confirms the results on the development of antioxidant insufficiency in this pathology.

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between early life factors, sociodemographic influences, behavioral characteristics and obesity in adolescents living in rural areas of Buryatia (Russia). Methods: A case-control study was performed. A total of 158 adolescents aged between 11 and 17 years of age (79 adolescents with normal weight and 79 adolescents with obesity) were included in the study. All the adolescents had their weight and linear growth measured, and BMI was calculated. Height and weight parameters were based on the reference values accepted by the WHO. Obesity was diagnosed at BMI ≥95th percentile The data on the variables of interest were obtained from questionnaires filled in by parents and adolescents and their medical records from local outpatient clinics. Results: The results showed that the adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for obesity were 1.15 (1.05-1.26), 4.87 (1.82-13.02), 3.08 (1.19-7.99) for maternal BMI, growth in infancy and unhealthy eating patterns, respectively. Breastfeeding longer than 12 months showed to play a protective role for the development of obesity in adolescence as compared to a shorter period of breastfeeding (OR=0.05, 95% CI: 0.006-0.40). Conclusion: Maternal BMI, rapid growth in infancy and unhealthy eating patterns are associated with increased risk of obesity in adolescents in rural areas of Buryatia, while long-term breastfeeding is a protective factor against obesity.