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The article provides information on the relevance of grain cleaning in modern agricultural production. A model of a new pneumatic centrifugal grain separator is proposed. Experiments have been carried out to determine the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the separator’s operation. The dependences of the completeness of separation and grain losses on the supply and the resulting air velocity have been obtained. The analysis of the obtained dependencies is carried out and recommendations are given on the use of the separator and its rational modes for preliminary, primary and secondary cleaning of grain.

Technology and principle of disk-type seed scarificator operation for seed treatment of perennial legume grasses are given. Parameter -level of mass loss during the friction on scarifying disk -M, % is introduced for quality assessment of scarification efficiency. During the researches it was revealed that mass loss of sowing material the highest sowing characteristics 20% are shown, further increasing of mass loss results in excessive seed damage and its sowing quality.

The article studies a modernized conical air grain separator. It describes modern agricultural production and post-harvest grain processing in the north of Omsk region. The need for using new farm developments for cleaning grain is substantiated. The design of a modernized conical air grain separator is described. The modernization concerns the accelerated efficient removal of light impurities. Some modes of the system of forced removal of light fraction are effective when cleaning grain from light impurities using a conical air separator. The loss of high-grade grain may increase. To test the consistency of the hypothesis, two series of experiments were carried out. During the first series, the field of air flow velocities was investigated. It resembles a downward convex figure associated with the loss of air friction against the walls. During the second series, experiments on cleaning grain from impurities with the participation of a system for removing light impurities were conducted. A classic experiment with a conical air separator and a working system for removing light impurities was carried out and its results were processed. It was found that the height of the probe rise above the edge of the conical air separator, equal to 20 mm, gives the highest result when removing light impurities. The processes were interpreted and the results obtained were analyzed. A comparison of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the modernized separator with those of the classical one was carried out. It was found that the system of forced removal of light impurities is efficient: with fixed separation completeness, the performance of the separator increases 1.6 times.

The article is devoted to the study of the motion of grain heap particles along the cylindrical surface of the separator. This article substantiates the relevance of post-harvest grain processing in the agro-industrial complex, proposes a design of a centrifugal pneumatic separator with a horizontal air flow, and describes the process of its operation. A mathematical model is obtained for the motion of a grain heap particle along the cylindrical surface of a grain separator with a centrifugal horizontal air flow.