Type 2 diabetes has become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality world over. Magnesium homeostasis has been hypothesized to be a link between insulin resistance type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and CAD. This study was under taken to evaluate the relationship between serum magnesium and diabetes mellitus without and with complications. We found significantly low levels of serum magnesium in patients with DM when compared to control. Further significantly low levels of serum magnesium were found in patients with diabetic complications when compared with diabetic patients without complications. Hence it is concluded that the lower levels of serum magnesium may have a bearing on the complication and morbidity in patients of DM, and estimation of serum levels of magnesium may be helpful to monitor the severity of complications in diabetic patients.

The article analyzes properties of potassium and magnesium, which may exert vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-ischemic, antiaggregant, and antiarrhythmic effects. These are extremely important microelements and potentially beneficial therapeutic agents for treatment of cardiovascular diseases.